The Story of 1848

Italy saw 16850die, in the 48 crushed city revolts, And added onto that there was the Sicily famine, which killed some, The French restore Milan's old regimes, And Rome's crumbling facades ancient coliseums, new street roofs, elites, Go here for the first part of 1848

People shout from balconies, Milan, saw workers take the city, & Rome, And Sicily saw it's people get angry at Naples, corrupt regime, taking it's cash, And brutally censoring materials,

The Pope's rule was not very great, They forbid rival views, & arrested critics, with secret societies arrested & expelled, It is felt that 100s-1000s were jailed, or exiled, or fired in the Papal States below 1848, With members arrested just for being in the societies, or sacked, Or knew they had to flee, With many in them, & their ideas spreading to Spain & Portugal, And some every so often threatening execution & assassination for rivals,

Even from their low positions, in rural parts of the Papal states, And from S-Italy, to N-Italy as a unity force, A Pope in the 1830s, before the more lib Pope, banned railways, as demonic, And even banned some gas lighting, as well as other things,

They used prisons, & spies to crush dissent, & executed in some cases, So saw nat views & 1789ers against them, & Ps, & from the 1840s, socialism, In S Italy 9 revolutionaries, for example, and loads at other times, Were executed in 1844, for revolutionaryism,

In 1848 some feared the cholera epidemic had been placed there by the monarchy, And saw Palermo shelled brutally by the royal army retaking it, continuing to shell it, After it had surrendered, Political groups were secret, as they were suppressed in the open, Like the Carbonari, & the Libs, executed in the 1810s, for wanting written constitution, With a few revolts suppressed in that decade the 1820s, & 1830s, Caused many deaths, & were suppressed brutally, The cholera epidemic of 1836 killed 65000 people, in Sicily alone, Which saw around Naples & Sicily sporadic revolts against the regime,

So the people, of the area of the countryside, & Sicily were anti royal, But the royals earned cash from the people, by tax, And gave allot to themselves, & some to the poor, of Naples, Surviving on hand outs they deserved anyway,

Or needed to be in a better way, like a welfare state or good economy, Meant the people of the countryside revolted in 1848, but not Naples, So the case is, maybe on nat grounds large amounts of the people, Had never been royalists,

But Naples, which had had a history of republics, in 17thC, Was now a aristocracy of the area, With cruel corrupt ways making people over the monarchy since the 1760s, And that being used to rule nat Sicily & Naples country, The Lazaroni royalists were beggars, messengers, & porters, And included some rich really who were royalists, street people,

By 1850s, there were 15/40,000 political prisoners, in the kingdom, And all letters were checked, The secret society members, who plotted to assassinate, people, That wanted leftist Italian unity, sometimes letting it be known, That a person was threatened, With 100s of members in some towns alone, They saw a ban in Naples, & a rival violent rightist group set up by they monarchy,

Which killed many more than the Carbonari, founded by coal burners in the N, On Masonic grounds, In N-Italy m any were arrested & killed, by the Austrians, Indeed in 1831, the revolt in N-Italy against a tyrant saw the Austrians march in, And hang the rebels, of Modena, it must have been over 100s of Carbonari arrested in N-Italy, before 1840, & more after as other Italian unity groups, Also some were arrested in France as it's Carbonari in the 1820s, to add to others,

So at least 10s were arrested in 1820-40, just for opinions, not riots, Riots & such would add it to allot, & such, Which for Italy includes riots, probably discriminated against, The groups had Masonic orders, & was very organised, Spain saw it's also attacked, but all died out, replaced by open groups well before 1860,

Which is why the French one had a revolts in 1820, & 1822, that failed, for a republic, The last needing a few executions, to beat it, & added to 1830 events, The groups did allow female members, arrested just for visiting leftist lands at times, Austria was the main oppressor of N-Italy,

Outskirt liberalise Piedmont nats ally, Use by humble birth Garibaldi to take Milan-Lombardy 1859, With French who got Savoy/Nice, 50/22,500 kills, Austrian riots regimes, elitism, guns, 3000 Italy murders yearly, 2000die 60/2 wars, red-shirts conquer Naples, Sicily tyranny, E-Papal States, They take Tuscany, mid such,

And kill 6000 peasant brigands in the S, in the 60s, so Ciao to them, There were 100000 executed in the S, in that 1860s, On top of that in thumping royalist massacres of royalists, The land had a 2% franchise, in 1860s, of the whole of Italy, Which was harmed, by certain undemocratic elements, Like kings choosing leaders, And some censorship,

It is said that the Austrians, executed 10s for the revolt, in Vienna, in 1848, Where loads from Catholics too Jews & other priests & others were jailed, Maybe not Jewish priests, but certainly their groups, And that the German right executed 100s, or more, with many jailed, in crushing revolts,

And that the right in Italy executed 10s, compared to 10s, Some say they executed just under 1000, in Venetia, just for owning fire arms, So being probable rebels, there, Or that Italy had done that, & it was 15000 arrested,

Vienna also saw some what were almost certainly massacre in clean ups, While ridding streets of people, in numbers of low 10s, And 10s more in Transylvania in a clean up, And some in Prague were shelled, to death, in the brutal crushing of the revolt there, And in Saxon Transylvania, I think massacres via orphans, dying in monasteries, declines allot this C, As of French Revolution ways, & more,

This Italy, On top of letting 10s died in prisons, And 10s, more loosing abilities by being place din prisons, A regime, which killed 100s, by normal capital punishment of some small crimes, In a society of not really freedom of speech, Where insulting the Pope saw some executed in 1833, Just like someone in the 1820s, And in part of the C, Jews had to wear yellow,

It is said the French right executed low 100s, In Britain mid 10s, massacred by right in 19thC, & low 10s, by left at most, And in Ireland low 10s each, In Germany the right massacred far more in outside, Of 1848 & Napoleonic era massacres, than the left, Some 10s more, at least in killings & such, As in Spain too, where the right massacred far more than left, & Portugal etc. etc.,

It is said 100s died till then a C in the castrating of boys, To make them good singers tradition, Another great democide, some claimed it was blessed by religion, which was a farce, It had 1000s of deaths before the enlightenment & French Revolution cut it, Lets say probably the French revolution saved 2500 a year, at least, so over the C, Very many, It seems to have started under more corrupt royalty in 1550 or after, The fact is most castrated died, when children of the operation, & many died after of it, of failing as singers, And having no other option open to them, It is said that 3/5,000 were castrated a year annually in Italy, With hardly any, from anywhere else, Which would be over 500,000 in total, in the 18thC, when adding on others,

Although Germany & Spain, before 18thC, once has small but notable amounts, With Avignon supplying some numbers, & Malta, & Corsica & Tyrol, With numbers making that 500,000 figure certain as of the larger number from Germany & France in the early part of the C, probably a bit higher,

It is said to have existed long ago in Christian history, but who knows, It was about not having female singer, In some Christian, & royal fetish, Until the revolution, slash it massively,

With maybe tiny cuts as of revolutionary insults against it in 1770s, Of those half would have added to some stats, With fewer numbers loosing in the 19thC, as of huge reductions, So the French revolution saved many form this massacre, And some from

Prison style kill, & as even if it is found out the French revolution killed some in Italy, It is still way behind the probably 100/250,000 royal & religious castration massacres, A C, Which I did not include in the revolution stats before, And I did not included dueling,

Indeed at times the French army banned the action, & singing, Which was unpopular to many kings, & religious leaders, They tried banning the castrations, but at times allowed the remaining singers, So they did another great thing there, Infact revolutionaries used it to chide the clerics, And attacked it,

Some say few, died, but another stat claims the death rate as of infection, Bad ways & bad aims, was 10-80%, Depending on the practitioner, But some say it was not as brutal as the technique used in Egypt, And others say only 20% survived the castration, So lets say it was possibly half & maybe a fifth dying, So a third is a reasonable estimate, & maybe far more,

Also 100s of Brits were enslaved by Indians in the 18thC when caught, And 100s, & French 1848 a slaves get freedom, by new lib proposals, & French slaves acts guaranteeing that, And what about the pre-revolution orphanages,

That were terrible welfare that could kill maybe all the orphans, Maybe they caused as many dead as that, in France, And the rest of Europe, before better welfare under European left, Most in France, With France & Britain having similar ways, of this, A state policy unlike abortion which is just legal kills, not a state policy, Like infanticide, which was commoner in those days,

Which means that castrations kills would be over 250,000, in the 18thC, Plus double that as of people dying of poverty, And lets say 0.1million in the 19thC, half of which of poverty, But only when adding dueling deaths, Which were a higher 3000 or so, I don't know I am guessing, & less in 19thC,

That it did not happen, as deliberately in the French Revolution, did castration, And after is certain, When there was bad welfare in war but not other times, But even then welfare was better in wartime, I mean surely over half dying even in hospitals in Paris, And almost all in some of other hospitals, Is a huge stat & a indication that some were not cared for, & killed,

It can be safely stated that at least 100s, of those executed in the French Revolution, Were in Avignon, And that the amount of castrations in the C, in there, As of taken from Italy, outside that stats, And the same goes for Savoy, infact double I would say,

In the 18thC, Lets blame German princes for 25000 in the C, as they bought many, Lets blame the French elite of it's own state for 10,000, And the rest of Europe's monarchies, Portugal, to Britain, & Scandinavia, For another 1000, & Spain for the last 1000, In France they were quite unfashionable but still used at royal occasions, But far less than the opera in Germany, or the plentiful uses in Italian funerals,

The bizarre irony was how the French Revolution, And it's people were rampantly against it, And even ruined the tombs of some famous example of this, But the emperor of the revolution liked it, so we blame him for 100,

It was banned by the armies, of the force, & the Revolution cut the practise massively, a great liberation, Yes the opera singers could get rich, But many did not, & became, very poor, & seen as weird by snobs who made them become this, When their voices stopped being good again,

A tradition that existed from the late Roman era, It was between 10 & 80% who died, & in the 18thC, before enlightenment, There were 3/5,000 being made into this a year for church singing, it ended by 1900, In high voices that were pretty much overrated, But had reduced allot by then,

So actually maybe many deaths, A terrible farce, banned totally in 1870, the other great stops 1790, When women were allowed to sing, in churches, And before, then, & such, 1880s, & the 1790s, & 1810s,

Infact this was the revolutionary era, when the public turned against the idea at operas, And also at churches too, it was a terrible crime they stated, Italy also was harmed by also by earthquakes which killed some as of bad building, But it would be unfair to include this as a democide of 100s, As of they could not build better, And of course quake zones would be worse, you can only include comparison with eras, Which would make it seem the others were better when they were not,

It had many unfair dismissals, as it like the Highland Clearances, or such, Where a kilted man plays a bag pipes, with it droning loudly to a tune, There too aswell, see check that, So probably unfair sex things in many eras around world,

Where people used their master relationship with their servants, To exploit their employees, Probably more than know, Its only likely natural & also very wrong,

And people were told they could not achieve even, If they did just achieve much despite thems' aswell, There would have been many dangerous accidents, As of bad safety & safety health safety, Were these massacres, I do not know, Well maybe they were comparable in my list to troops dying in enemy prisons, Of bad health,

50000die, in faminous 47 German Silesia, the other part of Prussia, I was inferring of when I said only some of Prussia's stats, other than it's, The 1844 weavers revolt V a boss, saw 12die, in an indication of political turmoil, And class rivalry, of hate & conflict, With 158 mad Prussian food riots, that decade, A German nationalist liberal revolt in 48 takes some states, Frankfurt's constitution aim to unify a German liberal state, is lost,

Prussia invades the many states who revolt, crushing their revolutions, Restoring the old regimes, Including in Baden itself, & Frankfurt's, In 48 Prussia invades Dane's Holstein, 8000die in the wars, 1/2 of German revolts, The other of actions in Denmark, & German Nat revolts there, But it was seen they were beat by 50, With the Danes coming to a compromise, aswell as the rebels,

4/10,000 liberals go to 'no king in America', disheartened by the disaster, And many supported the growing anti-slavery movement, And became part of it's growing left, While Germany lost much of it's leftists so was set for more lead by the right,

While Germany had lost the major opportunity of the C, along with 1831, That had seen other states became more liberal, The last German serfs are in 52, when they are virtually freed, A million are freed in the era, in that country,

1000s of politicals are jailed 1820-70, outside of 1848, & the wars, of then, Like people arrested for holding liberal nat German festivals, Celebrating old German culture, And the colours of the national flag, as shown in Alsace style German costumes,

At the start a lib idea of wanting a unified strong lib nation, But later taken over by the right, Many of their works were declared illegal, & with many writers arrested, Some saying the French revolution was great,

Which really angered the reactionary right, For instance there was a huge lib pro Polish independence festival, In Bavaria in the 1830s, for German unity, And women's emancipation, drinking beer,

Which saw loads of members arrested, Another thing broken up, Calling for co-operation between all the nations of Europe, as democracies, With all of them being republics,

26-112die, of political turmoil bar 48, & the wars, of 1820-99, Including a few to just over a few of dueling, within the law, With the high number, being those jailed for crimes, some of which would have died of, As of bad prisons, but that is just a guess, With also some small riots to the end of the C, Which saw deaths, & such,

But that does not include wars V German states, by German states, Outside the revolutions, I have added on maybe 2 as of jailings, then the rest above that possible highs, But then again they may have been from the 1831, Revolts which I may have forgot to add deaths too,

When I founded that there were in those revolts, There seems to have been a cosy feeling among the elite, Not arresting eachother much in Europe, While loads of the rest of society died of severe poverty,

Which with more democracy often saw in small lands, more turmoil, & less poverty, then claming down, And long-term, less turmoil, & in big lands far less turmoil, quite quickly, in most cases, In Lithuania though people were arrested just for protests in 1822, In a school, & some exiled,

And with many arrests in Poland after 1815 too, on many grounds, so that was different, And Austria saw every so often midnight arrests of some liberals, & disappearances, With strong censorship, & things of some lib views banned, As in 1840s Germany, with a strong network of police spies, With at least 10s jailed just for political statements, or other things, With them arrested, & made ill,

It is seen after 1815 the lands, accepted the code of the revolution, And became more bureaucratic more efficient states, With many super rich voter's only representative parliaments, That were blackmailed into agreeing with the leadership, as they had no power, & were opposed to the masses, And saw the rulers still lead budgets for everything from palaces, to universities, So they were still more efficient more new & equal, but badly led,

Added to all this 10s of Poles, died in 1848 in a small revolt in Poznan, With some arrested, 100s, in later eras, of political oppression too late 1850s, By Prussia, just for being in groups, They then calmed, And became more peaceful,

In 1848 there were also revolts in Austrian Ukraine, From Crakow, to Lvov, Lvov is like Crackow in some ways with it's towns, & high buildings & W-European style home, Where corvee was ended, in big organizations, of the people, & rich,

With some dying in riots & shootings by the Austrians, Then bombardments of these cities, While the rest of Ukraine, is more Russian, With also yellow leaves, & yellow trees, seeing people walk along,

Though Lvov has some tower church things, & tower clock churches, While Kyiv there a church by the wide river, & many homes, of a gold ball on a white tall church tower, Amid green trees below,

In the 1960s, it would still remain by trees, with the big river, And bridges over the river wider than any in W-Europe, And see over the water a sea, or forest of tower blocks, of white in the city centre, & some small isles in the river, There were many industrial buildings in 1910s Russia, With still horses & carts,

Pulling along through past the high domineering snow ridden Kremlin, a place of fear, But not know, except it was still a place to fear, The US saw 20, of people die in a nat anti-British play riot, in 1849, As of opposition to British ways in the Irish famine, & treaty borders, Shot by the US police, in riots mostly, So really there were revolts in the Caribbean, & Europe, which changed it for the better,

Danes make a court, in 48, And 2 legislatures familiar in style, of it's the nobles versus commoners, This was as of a peaceful march, by many, which forced through this new system, Which was helped by nat hopes to gain the German states, That were partly ruled by Denmark, of Holstein, etc.,

Which saw absolute monarchy replaced by democratic bodies, And democracy, as of the sacrifices of 1848, Freedom, & industry growth, were doing their hands in hands bidding again, As taxes got fairer, & protests upped the franchise, They had been shocked by the 1848 revolt in German lands, Who since the 1830s were getting some local rule for rich voters like other regions, Fearing a 1831,

But they lost some of the land to German states in the end, In the parliament the conservatives & liberals rivaled, With Catholicism, made more legal, even the fairly free way of the 1840s, With equality granted for the low 1000s of people of other faiths, by the next C, Like Polish workmen, in 1890s, Rising above the 100s of before,

With their annoying restriction on them ended, & allowing Catholic media, They see in 1901, the SD, & unions made king admit parliamentary democracy, They from 1870s had grown, but the conservatives remained strong, Despite growths in some farming industries, And the development of educational systems, & welfare,

Iceland was able to trade to any Dane post since 1783, Giving up the royal monopoly forced on it, That was harming the lives of so many, & reducing wealth, there, And the world since 1855,

In 1700 the population was 50,000 1/3 less than 1100AD, Of which 20% were beggars & dependents in feudal style poverty, A 1/4 die of pox in 09, about 30/50,000 people, Plus volcano famines 1753, & 84, see exactly the same amount die, each, With no real help from the central regime, It still sees volcanic eruption fire out of the sea, And create the odd, new isle, every C,

With them turning to land, a small isle, Where they get new names, Sometimes fishermen see them come out of the sea, bubbles occurring, But in this situation, as the eruptions are so small, & the land, under sea, The fishermen are not affected apart from a few waves, & seeing them,

They also sometimes see the Conger eel, The longest of which have reached 3 metres and weigh 2 people, Most are far smaller, the largest freshwater are in NZ, and only 2.6metres, maximum, They are both black, There is a eel in Java, which is bright green, 8 feet long, and as wide as a waist, Some people have stroked them, in the Ocean, Some are cleaned by little fishes,

Also in Iceland were other facts, A bit like when whales come up, & seem to like isles, there, Which sometimes, seem like monsters they never even heard of before, or killer whales, Sometimes as I said the whales looking like isles, And people docking on these then seeing them sink, Some say there may have been bigger versions of blue whales, blue or grey,

A creature that rises to the surface every so often, And lifts its huge head out of the water, In fable knocking boats over, like some sea creatures have probably done some times, That then can stay up, And blow water out through its blow hole, into the air, Which could knock anybody off like a bird, that landed on it, It then goes into the water, head ducking in, Huge tail in the air, there,

The last Auk, Arctic penguin, was killed by wanters, Of it's fat & fur in 1844, in the N-Atlantic, Fishermen see big whales, that sometimes get washed ashore, And rot in ways that make them look like unusual monsters, And huge rays, & very flat fish, as monsters too, or sting rays,

They also in some places see squid, a few feet long, that are tougher looking jellyfish, With their tentacles, but most live way below the water, & most of them in the Pacific, Their tentacles touching things, as they are caught, And they are very rare, so many not ever have been seen,

There were also giant eels, to some, And humpy Loch Ness monsters which did not exist, And boats landing on isles, that turned out to be whales, With plaice, haddock, herring, bass, salmon, cod, whale blubber & for their oil, And also tuna fish, Or seals with their grey long mammalian fat smooth bodies,

In 100s as mermaids, half woman half fish, Also in Canada, Walruses, seals, With big ivory teeth hunted that bulge there bodies like a snake, And can chase after people, quite fast, & weigh loads, Far more than me & my brother, These seals, & such, which were clubbed & hunted by people from Iceland, & Britain & Canada, across the era,

The resources caught, shipped back in big wooden boats, The seal furs used, & ivory made into chess sets, in the medieval Hebrides, Which were found & prised as great specimens very much later, The fish sold for plenty of cash, And the stories told in harmonica, music places there, huts, & restraunts, selling soup, & water,

The soup price, & water price, & fish, on a board on chalk, by the counter, Either vegetable, fish soup, tomato soup of the day, & hot steaming, prawn soup, Plus on the chalk board, a butter & bread, & some eggs, And the whales blubber stripped & sold in ports from Japan, too Norway, A giant whale bone placed in some ports as pride of place of their tradition,

There were also some fishing cuttlefish, a species, half fish half shark similar, That could squidge into smaller shapes, with shooting out tongues that caught prey, They could also with their squid tentacles grab things, these shot out too, And fins on either side could change colour to mesmerize & trick prey,

The species changing colour to attract females, They cold also turn into leaf looking objects, & sea-snakes or lettuce, To like things putting off predators too,

They also get caught in cages like lobsters by fishermen, And can not get out as of the way they are placed, And made, in places across the European coast, With some having their ink used for food, And some caught by people making female, ones, out of bottle, Showing how stupid us humans & animals, are, Pulling them into the cages by attraction,

A cod collapse in 1878, & bad harvests, in Iceland, doubles infant mortality, So low 1000s, dead, After famines, of 10/20,000 dead across the C, in total, plus povicides to add to that, Which fell next C,

Plus 15000 emigrants to America, left the land, Famines reduced after the 1870s, when local control upped, And the traditional high death rates of men, hunting & fishing, did fall too, In what was a rural land to the 1940s,

But it got some autonomy, from 1843, with it's Albingi Thing re-established, As in Denmark as of the growth in liberal strength, And spur of the 1830s revolutions, in Europe, With less world trade-tax, from 1854 the trade monopoly ended, And so population ups, From 1874 it led it's own finances, when it also legalised freedom of worship, Helping the establishment of the new constitution, Helped by literature writers, & nat campaigners, It became elected, & self-led by 1904,

Lets say that 100s, of Icelanders died of the monopoly of royal trade in 19thC, As it was bit like sharecropping, And 100s, on the Faeroes which had a similar way, Who from a few Cs, earlier had been taken into Danish ownership, Faros parliament had seen it's authority taken away in the 1810s,

It had little power as a royal governor led, In 1850s it won some seats in the Danish parliament & some more self rule, And loss of monopoly trading, Most wanted self rule, & some independence few did not, In the 17thC they had been under a harsh feudal reign, of a personal rule, Where the people were slaves, & impoverished, Even more than in 1660 & post that Denmark, The isle of Jan Mayen was first sited by the Dutch in 1607,

It is way to the N of these and owned by Norway, and is mountainous and full of puffins, And is volcanic, and covered in snow, It is often the most foggy area on Earth, impossible for planes to land, With it foggy for most of the year, Maybe there are other places like that, in Canada, and also St Pierre and Miquelon,

The Virgin Isles, saw 20000 slaves, there, living poorly, & oppressed, Were freed after 1848's slave/Danes revolt, They were freed, as of their revolt, & as of lib wants in Denmark, A slave revolt partly supported by a lib governor, totally inspired by the 1848 revolution, And a parliamentary lib created act to abolish it over some years, Was ended by quick abolition by a march by locals, I think there may have been 10s of slaves in Denmark in the 18thC legally kept, Unlike the sham marriages & shotgun weddings, Which would have been occurring or modern slave trade,

France frees it's 0.25million mostly Carib, Reunion, slaves in the same era, Purely as of the 1848 revolt in France, And also some local revolts helped this, too, in the Caribbean, Shorten their slavery by some months, This was in Martinique, 11 days before the official decree from the French revolution came, With some breaking their chains, A revolution partly inspired by moral inspiration, of opposing slavery, And intellectual African advice from them in the 1800s, Though I suppose there will be some group that has not done much for revolution, Though I doubt it, but if so, thats OK as the law of averages say there must be,

By 1900, Norway's campaigning, gets itself to juts control it's just own consulars, justly, Lets say as Denmark saw serfdom abolished in the 1800s, And say there were 250,000 sharecroppers, in 1800, And that as of changes 215,000 in 1848, then as of changes 50,000 by 1880, Although there was manhood suffrage,

The working class were not organsied, with fixing in elections, And the legislature was massively appointed by the government, So it was not a democracy but had inputs of that way, And the government was not at the behest of the legislature till late C, But some progress made By the Socs, here too, & they got democracy more or less by 1900, in some ways, Some in holidays going ski-ing, or on sledges downhills, as fast as possible, Or stronger things than that, so helping them,

Austria fell in weighty aristos serfdom, And kept elitism status quos, which hent resentment, It slowly grabs Ottoman realms, despite industry growth, And despite the Ottomans' huge internal crisis, And it's desire to take these lands,

It's ethnic diversity, Like Ruthenians with their new 'Ukrainian' name, Too Alpine Italians, was thought to harm any chance of a unified revolt, But in 48 a speech by the democratic supporting Magyar, Kossuth riles, Most nations to revolt, Like some Poles, And also Czechs where 43die of these on the barricades, in streets fighting the army, And Italian/Slovak,

And 1000s of casualties, In the Red-waist coat traditional costume Romania/and Ruthenians revolt, Where in Romania, bears are still trained to dance, Like how in India cobra snakes, are still charmed by flute players, Who make snakes rise & sway to their music, then go down in their wish,

A partly religious, partly entertainment experience, The snake is swaying, as of vibrations, of the flute, & hand movements, As they can not hear, as they are death, But sense vibrations, through the air,

Some Ruthenians still taking Gypsy love potions & believing in their curses, Which had been used by medieval magicians, Who played tricks in gardens, & pretended to bring people back to life, And tried to make gold, but never did this stuff, Some in those days used drugs in potions, in the Middle Ages,

With magicians often just like many dwarfs, & jokers, kept in royal entourages in then, The jokers or jesters, With specially curving shoes, the tips curve at the end, and making offensive jokes, Or speaking in riddles, sometimes about the powerful, A rare group that could, as others would be killed or jailed for this, or beat or fired, With aside them many actors performing woe is me plays, Or festivals which often toured areas, With minstrels doing singing touring and seducing women, And town cryers, in many towns, shouting the news, and ringing bells,

Some magicians, in those days created their own passwords, & alphabets, So really did create potions, which have been forgotten now, And had strange effects, that nobody knew about, But also did many things that did not work, Many considered certain symbols, like circles, or pentagrams important, or used mirrors,

Some believed there were certain powers in all human souls, Philospohising on the subject, In reality sometimes like that German Holy Roman Empire story, Of that German town where a magician, played a tune that took away all the rats, And then all the kids, when he got no pay,

Well he could have maybe done a similar thing, in poisoning rats, With people not knowing what he did, These magicians were replaced in the Europe, in the 13th-18thC, Anyhow this was a difference between the Medieval era, & post-revolutions era, So the Revolution came, with & helped technological advance, And without it, then they would certainly have been less, With less literacy, & education,

In Transylvania, the revolt was beat over time, like in Hungary But in Wallachia the revolt succeeded, briefly, The revolt in Moldova, was arrested, The Wallachia, revolt was beaten, by the invasion by Russia, Ending the revolutionary regime, in favour of the old ancien regimes,

So Austria ends serfdom, in 1848, & fashions a ruling parliament, for itself, Russia brutally put down 100000die Hungary, with 10000executed, by the state, Over 10,000 sore floggings of many more men & women, Which was very hurtful, crushed that chance & opportunity, For which there were protest against embassies, By British working class people when their leaders visited, quite greatly, The same amount 100,000 in 40s Serbia, to some estimates, in their revolts, died,

14500 Russians, mostly of disease, died in crushing Hungary & the others, 3000 Austrians died, 1000s in Bohemia as of troop's cholera, in their areas, And probably 100,000 were jailed, exiled, or fled Europe, as of the defeat, And 100s more, in other ethnic areas of the nation's revolt, like in Romania, I mean of the Austro-Hungarian empire,

Croats & Romanians aid the crushing of the Revolution, fearing Magyars, And jumping at the chance of offered things by Austria, Which seemed, securer, as offerer, & a better offer for them, But offers that only occurred as of 1848, Rebel heads class division splits them,

A pan Euro establishment's hold weakens, They bin Magyar tongue laws, & democracy, in the short term, Happily serfdom ends in the era for 6.2-15.4million in it, Romania, & Galicia, As of changes being made, in the 1848, & after & such, in the 1850s, & here, I would say a good total guess is 10.34million,

Which would equate, to a million, deaths, of serfdom, or thereabouts in that area, Of the C, I think that does not include the Czechs & Austrians who were already free, But were in some ways sharecroppers,

Hungary in 1853, abolished the serfdom of 80% of the population, I read there were over 1.3million families, in Hungary maybe it's empire alone, Who were in serfdom, So including kids, & all the family as serfs, then they were serfs, When some stats may only include serf family leader, Many became sharecroppers after,

The Empire which had a population similar to that of France, in numbers, Had accepted Slovakia's ending of serfdom, In 1848, And Croatia's to win them over, And was really just accepting this move, caused by the revolutionary freedom,

But now the Hungarian parliament allowed in more fairly rich people to the diet too, But was still basically landowners led, It also saw servant beating limited, A thing that must have killed at least 10s, a C,

5-25 a room homes, still are for the mass of the serfs, With manure poisoned workers begging by the road, The public eat ghoulash, tomatoes, potatoes, pepper, beef stew, Ethnics received rights, in a new change,

The new Croatia province, sees centralized Germanising, But as Croats had helped crush Hungary they got some more self-rule, They had been happy in many cases at French rule in the 1800s, But many also were perturbed by changes or something,

But then from 1867 were included in the Hungarian state, part of the Empire, There nationalists had used the 1825 rich people's diet, To condemn Hungary, & Austria, But Hungary claimed with power over Croatia, And through it's rich's diet they should be Hungarian,

Serfdom had been decreasing in Croatia, & for a while in the nats movement the language was unifying, Even though it had 3 distinct dialects, With Dalmatians quite separatist from them, In the 1850s briefly they had their parliament abolished again, With casualties from small revolts in the 1870s, Which had some deaths, & executions,

Galicia got it's Pole elite, over it's colleges to buzzing bees meadows, And flower pattern dress wearing women in bonnets, Sour scented flowers, daisy's buttercups rustle in warm breezes, On the hills in the middle of the area, beside villages,

Aristos make peasants kill 2000 Mid-Class nats in 46's Cracow revolt, in a massacre, Fearing that the Nats were going to launch a liberal revolt, They were told that there was going to be a attempt at revolution by mid class, people, Which aristos said would harm the lower orders, This was a very unusual & rare style of event, in some ways, but not others, Serbians get Vojvodina, as it aids Austria in 1848, Music occurs like a metal thing that tests notes, twanging after hitting the ground,

King pals led bad, & they anger Rus, by taking in the Crimea war, Moldova, And they lost their 500 year German lead to more liberal Prussia, They tab Hungary, but via 1866 devolve in 1867 that land, Liberalising Croatia, Slovenia, are losing German manors, & their indentured & ex-serfs oppression, & meanness, Nationalist/socialist Ps form, votes reach richer Slavs, in these S-Slav lands, Slavs get increasingly nationalistic, as Hungarian is imposed, as from 44, And the Hungarians divide & rule Kraijina's Serbs, Croats, They Magyarise Vojvodina, where wages replace peasants, It becomes Austria's new yeasty breadbasket,

60000 Slovak kids are kidnapped as Budapest chandelier's servants to 92, Gain St. their families, will till it stops for some reason, In 1907, the Hungarian authorities, shot dead 75 Slovaks, who were in a protest, Which affected their hope, for nat ways,

It still retains much of it's culture, Like inside the white walled plenty of wood & arches things in there, Where people sit on benches in rows, Looking at the religious leaders, Namely being, Bratislava churches, which also have frescoes,

& have a cross, as the centrepiece, very large, And there are brightly coloured wood-homes, Painted colours as part of the culture, in towns, & villages, And creamy dresses, sleeves rolled up, are the typical national way, of that era,

In 1848, Corvee is ended in 'Austria', Where from 67 rich voter's & the king's elected parliament operates, Where sharecropping is falling, They have male suffrage there from 1907, But parliament does not really have the control,

The parliament had seen German landlords control it, upto then, But protests from Socialists in 1905, with some blood, & the threat of Russian style activities, Saw the Germans given universal suffrage, so they would support the empire, Seats were divided racially, So Slovenes could only vote for Slovenes & Germans, Germans in those areas, The same constituency, But still ethnic groups other than Germans were extremely underrepresented, Even if SDs wanted them to have the right share, after the elections that came up, But they had no control, the right in parliament had a decreased majority, And they had no control compared to the government,

With the Bohemia parliaments abolished in 1913, as of ethnic tensions, As Czechs there campaigned for independence, & such, Where anti-Semitism, was strong, With some the Jews committed ritual murders, As of some child killing being blamed on a Jew,

Which was a deranged way to think, as most child killing, were by others, But the person was defended by a Czech nationalists, Even though many Czechs associated Jews, With German & many Germans associated them with Jews,

The tensions of language badly solved, By making officials really have to speak German & Czech in the 1890s, Which cause more riots, This proposal, stayed, annoying many Czechs as making them speak it, & many Germans, Even though more Czechs spoke both tongues than the Germans, it still upset many, As they wanted their capital to stay Czech, & feared this was a Germanising of their land, And schooling in Czech increased all this as of 1840s style,

But now many wanted independence, And to cut loose, of the hate of Slavs in Austria, 10s of Slavs were arrested, or fired, from jobs for unCatholic, Or Slavic nat views, in 1900s, So they became certain independence would be wanted on independence,

Serbs felt that Austria was protecting Muslims, & their power against it, in it's annexation, And bringing in foreign officials, holding back their majority in E-Bosnia, Moravia had seen German stay slightly above Czech, even though it was Czech, And for the rest German stayed slightly above, aswell, With Czech nats, all not powerful, And wanting leftist self rule,

In 1907, the Slovak tongue was brutally attacked, & it was that & religion which provoked those riots, & protests, As the Hungarian semi-democracy, Which was not democratic attacked, it & German & other schools, Making them Hungarian,

The Czechs, & Slovaks, if nats would make themselves allow both tongues & German, But many Czechs were wanting their lands, to become Czech, & if allowing bilingualism, to allow it in German areas too, As of this, German politicians, & the leaders started claiming Germans in Bohemia, were being turned into Slavs, In unfair ways,

With horrific looking caricatures of Slavs, & Germans & Jews, Not really horrific looking of Germans though, That inspired horrific racist views, Of people, ways that were drawn of Ireland in the 1840s, but not so much in the 1890s. In Britain now Irish, & working class, people, Had slightly insulting potrayels, but Muslims, had worse,

The states outside Austria were even less democratic with rich only's franchises, And rich, & noble's upper houses, Just like Austria, & rich's governments, & monarchical decisions, I mean Hungary not democratic at all,

It goes freer, emancipation growth, Towns, like Prague industrialise, Gas lamps on streets, And also nationalistic exercise gyms, of clubs, Lords saw most ruralities, were still ruled hereditary,

But local election socialists tax Red Vienna, Most progressive Europe thought centre, good hospitals, masses in schools, 1850-1914 grew 0.5-2.6mil, multi-cultural, Einstein nears a universal formula for physics,

The mustachioed fellow, working in Austrian & German universities, By 1900s making giant leaps in that to do with theories, From calculations on maths on paper, & blackboards, Ahead of the other professors, & pupils, in the famous places there, And Freud wonders, psychology brainways, Creating psycho-analysis, asking people on a couch what is troubling them, And trying to sort it out,

Saying it is something to with their upbringing, & how they could cope with it, The colleges of 19thC buildings, in big cities, Unlike in Britain & America where they were older designs, The blackboards watched by spectacle wearing mathematicians, And the expert students, Who were experts at adding up & theory, And all that sort of stuff,

Anti-Jewish/Slav racism continues, as migration ups their ratios, The Empire was 35% German, Reactionaries won Vienna in the 1900s, And say Jews ran Austria to counter guilt of their poverty,

Note thought foreign/Jewish physical/facial features, Say only German life is creative, any bad is foreign, Nationalist Social Darwinist literature says the Germans are superior to Jews/Slavs, As of their increasing immigration into the capital areas' cities, & such, And claims they, the others, are diseased or bad for the GDP,

Really all they care is race hurt, & use the biggest issue to attack them, As they do in every era, Even if they care about the issue, Its best to be churlish about the unfairness, on minorities, And to hate their evil views,

Conveniently they do not note their own groups' problems, as innate, Some even want more E colonies, There is no reason why a Czech farming in Bohemia tableland near hills lush plain, In square yellow field next to rectangle green 1, round trees on rise near,

Tools invented by masses, no used for benefiting all, Seen inferior by nobles why should he be anti-Jew, But their policy was that should be his express hope, That that should be what he was all about,

People had realised, & even if told otherwise needed to believe political groups/freedom can oust dictators, And it was able to & had had effects, Governors realise they must give more to people, Pressure saw Europe wealthily happier, Whatever happens anywhere in the world, affects the whole, By influencing ideas, & fears, & such,

Every state thinks its' ideals/icon right, so should they, or should they not, Europe had seen liberalism sweep across much of it becoming a major force, & lead many states, And other lands saw this too, influencing Europe, But they were all influencing eachother,

But the main fight was against oppression, snobbery elitism, etc., Even if many just wanted to oppress, & be wealthy, And many liked the politically incorrect hurtful society, in the masses, too, Infact what is certain is yes pamphlets caused some revolts to flame & win, But many were just gossip inspired which were not liberals, or conservatives inspired, Coming from sections of society who just wanted this, & that, So it was not as simple as I like to make out, but was in a sense,

In the middle of this, Gypsies made some political moves to the left, I mean in history Gypsy king & captains, And others allied to certain leaders, over history, Trying to get leeway, & through communities, deals with kings, & such, But most of all they also allied to armies in wars, able to live in forest or more easily,

But in 1848, many famous Gypsies allied to some revolutions in 1848, like in Austria, Like many Jews, The revolutionary belief system of a better world, by a progress was really hitting high, With beliefs in racial equality by many, if of course not all, but still more than alternatives, Indeed the soon abolishment of slavery in Romania,

Was caused by leaders returning from France, Who had been inspired by lib revolutions there, And now they wanted to abolish slavery, And the slave trade which was still rampant there, to the 1850s, of selling via posters, Also Transylvania saw serfdom abolished in 1848, as of the revolution,

Very effectual on Gypsies, Who had seen thousands of them, seeing slavery abolished in 1790, More were moving from their tents, & wagons, & caravans, to urban areas, Romania saw slavery brought back by a Russian imposed regime, Which abolished slavery for Gypsies a bit later, Dutch 1848 king lost absolute rule to representative bodies, Who were elected by moneyed taxpayers male 3.5%, When Libs were allowed to partly rule, With the king with a representative parliament & senate, Replacing the chamber of notables placed by the monarchy, & chamber of certain elite bodies,

With Dutch still the official language, Which had helped push Walloons away from the state, in schools, Like when all Latin schools were shut in 1825, With a hard harvest in 1828-30 helping the Belgian secessionists, There had been large media campaigns since the 1830s for more democracy, So this was a 1848 & Dutch creation

The Dutch shelling of the major other Flemish town, Saw Flemish people support Belgium, With Britain for the Belgian secession, With all major posts filled by Dutchmen, except some,

There had been food riots in 1845, With socialist brochures & red flag protests in the 1830s & 1840s, With big protests in 1848, that helped change the monarchy, But really it was foreign revolts that did that, Revolts they had aided, by meeting foreign socialists, & giving them emotional support whenever they fled their own lands, And campaigns for upping of the vote, which by 1900, achieved that, & restricting child labour, Winning their first seat, in 1888, then increasing slowly to 10s in the 1910s, Wanting to keep free of coalitions, till more powerful, Retaining opposition to militarism,

Here are some more sites, there are books and articles on the subjects in many internet places, or internet book shops, bookstores, at the bottom, are lists of which were the worst regimes of the past few centuries.

Links to our 100s of websites, http://www.lonympics.co.uk/

A site on the El Nino Famines that killed 10s of millions of Indians, and Chinese and others in the 19th Century

The Highland Clearances and it's full terribleness

A History of Trinidad and Tobago

A History of Jamaica

A list of golden goose style fairy stories, and myths, of hidden treasures, of inexaustible supplies of money

A site on the Belgian Congo, and how the king of that land killed 10s of millions of Congolese

Why the French Revolution was good

The most evil regimes of the 19th Century

A site on 1640s Britain

Worst 18th Century regimes

What were the nicest regimes ever