Burma Hotels

Burma Hotels

Hotels in Burma are often required for tourists who require short term accommodation. Some tourists may want to visit the nation to see the culture, sports, tourist attractions, sports, society and scenery of the famous nation. Some may want to stay at cheap hotels or luxury hotels. Some may want to stay at well known hotels with a good reputation. Some may want to stay at high quality hotels. Some may want to stay at hotels that are in urban areas of the nation or in rural areas of the nation.

Hotels in Burma are often needed for tourists who need a place to stay. Some may want to stay at hotels that are well known to the public or some may want to stay at smaller hotels. .

Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar, is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia, or Indochina. The country is bordered by the People's Republic of China on the northeast, Laos on the east, Thailand on the southeast, Bangladesh on the west, India on the northwest, and the Bay of Bengal to the southwest with the Gulf of Martaban and Andaman Sea defining its southern periphery. One third of Burma's total perimeter, 1,930 kilometres, forms an uninterrupted coastline.

Burma's diverse population has played a major role in defining its politics, history and demographics in modern times, and the country continues to struggle to mend its ethnic tensions

It is located between Chittagong Division of Bangladesh and Assam, Nagaland and Manipur of India to the northwest. It shares its longest borders with Tibet and Yunnan of China to the northeast for a total of 2,185 km. It is bounded by Laos and Thailand to the southeast. Burma has 1,930 km of contiguous coastline along the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea to the southwest and the south, which forms one-third of its total perimeter.

In the north, the Hengduan Shan mountains form the border with China. Hkakabo Razi, located in Kachin State, at an elevation of 5,881 m, is the highest point in Burma. Three mountain ranges, namely the Rakhine Yoma, the Bago Yoma, and the Shan Plateau exist within Burma, all of which run north-to-south from the Himalayas. The mountain chains divide Burma's three river systems, which are the Ayeyarwady, Salween (Thanlwin), and the Sittang rivers. The Ayeyarwady River, Burma's longest river, nearly 2,170 kilometres long, flows into the Gulf of Martaban. Fertile plains exist in the valleys between the mountain chains. The majority of Burma's population lives in the Ayeyarwady valley, which is situated between the Rakhine Yoma and the Shan Plateau.

Much of the country lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Equator. It lies in the monsoon region of Asia, with its coastal regions receiving over 5,000 mm (200 in) of rain annually.

The country's slow economic growth has contributed to the preservation of much of its environment and ecosystems. Forests, including dense tropical growth and valuable teak in lower Burma, cover much of the country. Other trees indigenous to the region include acacia, bamboo, ironwood, mangrove, michelia champaca coconut and betel palm, and rubber has been introduced. In the highlands of the north, oak, pine and various rhododendrons cover much of the land. The lands along the coast support all varieties of tropical fruits. In the Dry Zone, vegetation is sparse and stunted.

Central lowlands ringed by steep, rugged highlands, with the country's highest point at the 5881m Hkakabo Razi.

Typical jungle animals, particularly tigers and leopards, are common in Burma. In upper Burma, there are rhinoceros, wild buffalo, wild boars, deer, antelope and elephants, which are also tamed or bred in captivity for use as work animals, particularly in the lumber industry. Smaller mammals are also numerous, ranging from gibbons and monkeys to flying foxes and tapirs. The abundance of birds is notable with over 800 species, including parrots, peafowl, pheasants, crows, herons and paddybirds. Among reptile species there are crocodiles, geckos, cobras, Burmese pythons and turtles. Hundreds of species of freshwater fish are wide-ranging, plentiful and are very important food sources.

After the First Burmese War, the Ava kingdom ceded the provinces of Manipur, Tenassarim, and Arakan to the British. Rangoon and southern Burma were incorporated into British India in 1853. All of Burma came directly or indirectly under British India in 1886 after the Third Burmese War and the fall of Mandalay. Burma was administered as a province of British India until 1937 when it became a separate, self-governing colony. The country became independent from the United Kingdom on 4 January 1948, as the Union of Burma.

Tibeto-Burman speaking Burmans, or the Bamar, began migrating to the Ayeyarwady valley from present-day Yunnan's Nanzhao kingdom starting in 7th century AD. Filling the power gap left by the Pyu, the Burmans established a small kingdom centred in Bagan in 849. But it was not until the reign of King Anawrahta (1044-1077) that Bagan's influence expanded throughout much of present-day Burma.

After Anawrahta's capture of the Mon capital of Thaton in 1057, the Burmans adopted Theravada Buddhism from the Mons. The Burmese script was created, based on the Mon script, during the reign of King Kyanzittha (1084-1112). Prosperous from trade, Bagan kings built many magnificent temples and pagodas throughout the country – many of which can still be seen today.

Bagan's power slowly waned in 13th century. Kublai Khan's Mongol forces invaded northern Burma starting in 1277, and sacked Bagan city itself in 1287. Bagan's over two century reign of Ayeyarwady valley and its periphery was over.

Small kingdoms (1287-1531)

The Mongols could not stay for long in the searing Ayeyarwady valley. But the Tai-Shan people from Yunnan who came down with the Mongols fanned out to the Ayeyarwady valley, Shan states, Laos, Siam and Assam, and became powerful players in Southeast Asia.

The Bagan empire was irreparably broken up into several small kingdoms:

The Burman kingdom of Ava or Innwa (1364-1555), the successor state to three smaller kingdoms founded by Burmanized Shan kings, controlling Upper Burma (without the Shan states)
The Mon kingdom of Hanthawady Pegu or Bago (1287-1540), founded by a Mon-ized Shan King Wareru (1287-1306), controlling Lower Burma (without Taninthayi).
The Rakhine kingdom of Mrauk U (1434-1784), in the west.
Several Shan states in the Shan hills in the east and the Kachin hills in the north while the northwestern frontier of present Chin hills still disconnected yet.

This period was characterized by constant warfare between Ava and Bago, and to a lesser extent, Ava and the Shans. Ava briefly controlled Rakhine (1379-1430) and came close to defeating Bago a few times, but could never quite reassemble the lost empire. Nevertheless, Burmese culture entered a golden age. Hanthawady Bago prospered. Bago's Queen Shin Saw Bu (1453-1472) raised the gilded Shwedagon Pagoda to its present height.

By the late 15th century, constant warfare had left Ava greatly weakened. Its peripheral areas became either independent or autonomous. In 1486, King Minkyinyo (1486-1531) of Taungoo broke away from Ava and established a small independent kingdom. In 1527, Mohnyin (Shan: Mong Yang) Shans finally captured Ava, upsetting the delicate power balance that had existed for nearly two centuries. The Shans would rule Upper Burma until 1555.

Reinforced by fleeing Burmans from Ava, the minor Burman kingdom of Taungoo under its young, ambitious king Tabinshwehti (1531-1551) defeated the more powerful Mon kingdom at Bago, reunifying all of Lower Burma by 1540. Tabinshwehti's successor King Bayinnaung (1551-1581) would go on to conquer Upper Burma (1555), Manipur (1556), Shan states (1557), Chiang Mai (1557), Ayutthaya (1564, 1569) and Lan Xang (1574), bringing most of western South East Asia under his rule. Bayinnaung died in 1581, preparing to invade Rakhine, a maritime power controlling the entire coastline west of Rakhine Yoma, up to Chittagong province in Bengal.

Bayinnaung's massive empire unraveled soon after his death in 1581. Ayutthaya Siamese had driven out the Burmese by 1593 and went on to take Tanintharyi. In 1599, Rakhine forces aided by the Portuguese mercenaries sacked the kingdom's capital Bago. Chief Portuguese mercenary Filipe de Brito e Nicote (Burmese: Nga Zinga) promptly rebelled against his Rakhine masters and established Portuguese rule in Thanlyin (Syriam), then the most important seaport in Burma. The country was in chaos.

The Burmese under King Anaukpetlun (1605-1628) regrouped and defeated the Portuguese in 1611. Anaukpetlun reestablished a smaller reconstituted kingdom based in Ava covering Upper Burma, Lower Burma and Shan states (but without Rakhine or Taninthayi). After the reign of King Thalun (1629-1648), who rebuilt the war-torn country, the kingdom experienced a slow and steady decline for the next 100 years. The Mons successfully rebelled starting in 1740 with French help and Siamese encouragement, broke away Lower Burma by 1747, and finally put an end to the House of Taungoo in 1752 when they took Ava.

King Alaungpaya (1752-1760), established the Konbaung Dynasty in Shwebo in 1752. He founded Yangon in 1755. By his death in 1760, Alaungpaya had reunified the country. In 1767, King Hsinbyushin (1763-1777) sacked Ayutthya. The Qing Dynasty of China invaded four times from 1765 to 1769 without success. The Chinese invasions allowed the new Siamese kingdom based in Bangkok to repel the Burmese out of Siam by the late 1770s.

King Bodawpaya (1782-1819) failed repeatedly to reconquer Siam in 1780s and 1790s. Bodawpaya did manage to capture the western kingdom of Rakhine, which had been largely independent since the fall of Bagan, in 1784. Bodawpaya also formally annexed Manipur, a rebellion-prone protectorate, in 1813.

King Bagyidaw's (1819-1837) general Maha Bandula put down a rebellion in Manipur in 1819 and captured then independent kingdom of Assam in 1819 (again in 1821). The new conquests brought the Burmese adjacent to the British India. The British defeated the Burmese in the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824-1826). Burma had to cede Assam, Manipur, Rakhine (Arakan) and Tanintharyi (Tenessarim).

In 1852, the British attacked a much weakened Burma during a Burmese palace power struggle. After the Second Anglo-Burmese War, which lasted 3 months, the British had captured the remaining coastal provinces: Ayeyarwady, Yangon and Bago, naming the territories as Lower Burma.

King Mindon (1853-1878) founded Mandalay in 1859 and made it his capital. He skillfully navigated the growing threats posed by the competing interests of Britain and France. In the process, Mindon had to renounce Kayah (Karenni) states in 1875. His successor, King Thibaw (1878-1885), was largely ineffectual. In 1885, the British, alarmed by the French conquest of neighboring Laos, occupied Upper Burma. The Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885) lasted a mere one month insofar as capturing the capital Mandalay was concerned. The Burmese royal family was exiled to Ratnagiri, India. British forces spent at least another four years pacifying the country – not only in the Burman heartland but also in the Shan, Chin and Kachin hill areas. By some accounts, minor insurrections did not end until 1896.

Naypyidaw is the capital of Myanmar. Naypyidaw means "Royal City", but is also translated as abode of kings.

Cities in Burma Yangon, Yangon, Mandalay, Mandalay, Mawlamyaing, Mon, Bago, Bago, Pathein, Ayeyarwady, Monywa, Sagaing, Meiktila, Mandalay, Sittwe, Rakhine, Mergui, Tanintharyi, Taunggyi, Sha

Main towns, Kachin State, Myitkyina, Waingmaw, Injangyang, Mogaung, Mohnyin, Hpakant, Kamaing, Tanai, Chipwe, Sawlaw, Bhamo, Bhayersdicanms, Bharma, Shwegu, Momauk, Lweje, Mansi, Putao, Sumprabum, Machanbaw, Kawnglanghpu, Nogmung, Hopin, Hsinbo, Pannandin, Kayah State, Loikaw, Demoso, Hpruso, Shadaw, Bawlakhe, Hpasawng, Mese, Kayin State, Hpa-an, Hlaignbwe, Hpapun, Thandang, Thandanggyi, Myawaddy, Kawkareik, Kyaikdo, Kyain Seikgyi, Payathonsu, Chin State, Falam, Haka, Htantlang, Kalaymyo, Kanpetlet, Matupi, Mindat, Paletwa, Tiddim, Ton Zang, Mon State, Mawlamyaing, Bilin, Kyaikmaraw, Chaungzon, Thanbyuzayat, Kyaikkami, Mudon, Ye, Thaton, Paung, Kyaikto, Mottama, Rakhine State, Sittwe, Ponnagyun, Mrauk-U, Kyauktaw, Minbya, Myebon, Pauktaw, Rathedaung, Maungdaw, Buthidaung, Kyaukpyu, Manaung, Ramree, Ann, Thandwe, Toungup, Gaw, Shan State, Aungban, Ayetharyar, Chinshwehaw, Hong Pai, Hopang, Hopong, Hseni, Hsi Hseng, Hsipaw, Kalaw, Kengtong, Kunhing, Kunlong, Kutkai, Kyaukme, Kyethi, Lai-Hka, Langkho, Lashio, Lawksawk, Loilen, Laukkaing, Mabein, Mantong, Mawkmai, Mong Hpayak, Mong Hsu, Mong Khet, Mong Kung, Mong Nai, Mong Pan, Mong Ping, Mong Tong, Mong Yang, Mong Yawng, Mong Hsat, Mongko, Mongmit, Mongyai, Mu Se, Namhsan, Namtu, Nanhkan, Nansang, Nawnghkio, Nyaungshwe, Pang Long, Pekon, Pindaya, Pinlaung, Tangyan, Taunggyi, Techilelk, Ywangan, Sagaing Division, Sagaing, Myinmu, Myaung, Shwebo, Kin-U, Wetlet, Kanbalu, Kyunhla, Ye-U, Dabayin, Taze, Monywa, Budalin, Ayadaw, Chaung-U, Yinmabin, Kani, Salingyi, Pale, Katha, Indaw, Htigyaing, Bamauk, Kawlin, Wuntho, Pinlebu, Kale, Kalewa, Mingin, Tamu, Mawlaik, Phaungbyin, Hkamti, Homalin, Leshi, Lahe, Nanyun, Taninthayi Division, Dawei, Longlon spelling may be wrong, Thayetchaung, Yebyu, Myeik, Kiyttsu, Palaw, Taninthayi, Kawthoung, Bokpyin, Bago Division, Bago, Thanatpin, Kawa, Waw, Nyaunglebin, Madauk, Pyuntaza, Kyauktaga, Pennwegone, Daik-U, Shwegyin, Taungoo, Kututmatyi, Yedashe, Kyaukkyi, Phyu, Oktwin, Htantabin, Pyay, Paukkhaung, Padaung, Paungde, Thegon, Shawdaung, Thayarwaddy, Thonze, Letpadan, Minhla, Okhpo, Zigon, Nattalin, Monyo, Gyobingauk, Magway Division, Magway, Yenangyaung, Chauck, Taungdwingyi, Myothit, Natmauk, Minbu, Sagu, Pwintbyu, Ngape, Salin, Sidoktaya, Thayet, Minhla, Mindon, Kamma, Aunglan, Sinbyugyun, Pakokku, Yesagyo, Myaing, Pauk, Seikphyu, Gangaw, Tilin, Saw, Mandalay Division, Mandalay, Amarapura, Myitnge, PaTheinGyi, Pyin Oo Lwin, Madaya, Singu, Thabeikkyin, Mogok, Kyaukse, Sintgaing, Myittha, Tada-U, Myingyan, Thaungtha, Natogyi, Kyaukpadaung, Nganzun, Nyaung-U, Bagan, Yamethin, Pyawbwe, Tatkon, Pyinmana, Lewe, Meiktila, Mahlaing, Thazi, Wundwin, Ela, Yangon Division, Htaukkyant, Hmawpi, Hlegu, Taikgyi, Okkan, Apyauk, Tantabin, Shwepyaytha, Hlinethaya, Dagon Myothit (South) spelling may be wrong, Dagon Myothit (North) spelling may be wrong, Thanlyin, Kyauktan, Thungwa, Kayan, Twante, Kawhmu, Kungyangon, Coco Island, Yangon, Ayeyarwady Division, Pathein, Kangyidaut, Thabaung, Ngapudaw, Haigyi Island, Kyonpyaw, Yekyi, Kyaunggon, Hinthada, Zalun, Lemyethna, Myan Aung, Kanaung, Kyangin, Ingapu, Myaungmya, Einme, Labutta, Wakema, Mawlamyinegyun, Maubin, Pantanaw, Nyaungdon, Danubyu, Pyapon, Bogale, Kyaiklat, Dedaye

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