Pato

Pato is a game played on horseback that combines elements from polo and basketball. It is the national game of Argentina.

Pato is Spanish language for duck, as early games used a live duck inside a basket instead of the ball. Accounts of early versions of pato have been written since 1610. The playing field would often stretch the distance between neighboring estancias (ranches). The first team to reach its own casco (ranch house) with the duck would be declared the winner.

- The game is much like the middle ages version of football in Europe. The Middle Ages saw a huge rise in popularity of annual Shrovetide football matches throughout Europe. Reports of a game played in Brittany, Normandy, and Picardy, known as La Soule or Choule, suggest that some of these football games could have arrived in British land, as a result of the Norman Conquest of England. An illustration of so called mob football. These forms of football, sometimes referred to as mob football, would be played between neighbouring towns and villages, involving an unlimited number of players on opposing teams, who would clash in a heaving mass of people, struggling to move an item such as an inflated pig's bladder, to particular geographical points, such as their opponents' church. Shrovetide games have survived into the modern era in a number of English towns. -

Pato was banned several times during its history due to the violence, not only to the duck; many gauchos were trampled underfoot, and many more lost their lives in knife fights started in the heat of the game. In 1796, a Catholic priest insisted that pato players who die in such a way should be denied Christian burial. Government ordinances forbidding the practice of pato were common throughout the 19th century.

During the 1930s, pato was regulated through the efforts of ranch owner Alberto del Castillo Posse, who drafted a set of rules inspired by modern polo. The game gained legitimacy, to the point that President Juan Perón declared pato to be the national game in 1953.

In modern pato, two 4 member teams riding on horses fight for possession of a ball which has six conveniently sized handles, and score by throwing the ball through a vertically positioned ring (as opposed to the horizontal rim used in basketball). The rings have a 100 cm diameter, and are located atop 240 cm high poles. A closed net, extending for 140 cm, holds the ball after goals are scored.

The winner is the team with most goals scored after regulation time (six 8 minute periods).

The dimensions of the field are: length 180 to 220 m, width 80 to 90 m. The ball is made of leather, with an inflated rubber chamber and six leather handles. Its diameter is 40 cm (handle-to-handle) and its weight is 1050 to 1250 g.

The player that has control of the pato (i.e. holds the ball by handle) must ride with his right arm outstretched, offering the pato so rival players have a chance of tugging the pato and stealing it. Not extending the arm while riding with the pato is an offense called negada (refusal).

During the tug itself, or cinchada, both players must stand on the stirrups and avoid sitting on the saddle, while the hand not involved in the tugging must hold the reins. The tug is usually the most exciting part of the game.

Pato is played competitively and also by amateurs, mostly on weekend fairs which usually include doma (Argentine rodeo).

Pato is similar to the game of horseball played in France, Portugal, and other countries.

An Estancia is the spanish word for ranch. These ranches are usually larger than ranches in North America. Estancias are present in many Spanish speaking countries in the Americas, especially Argentina and Chile.

Gauchos, the equivalent of a North American Cowboy, usually run these ranches.

Several cities and villages, mainly but not exclusively in Latin America, grew out of such ranches and are named accordingly, for example:

The game was one of the causes

Sports like Polo

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