Flights to Eritrea
Many people like to fly to nation of Eritea. Some may want to see the culture, entertainment and landscapes of the nation. Some may travel to the nation for a tourist vacation or for work or study or for diplomatic causes. Some may want cheap flight or first class luxury flight. Some may want to fly in private jet or by their own helicopter. Some may want to fly by a usual airliner that flies regular flights to the country.
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Asmara International Airport, formerly known as Yohannes IV International Airport is an airport in Asmara, the capital of Eritrea.
Assab International Airport, has been an airport in Assab, the capital of the Southern Red Sea Region of Eritrea.
Massawa International Airport, has been an airport in Massawa, a major city in the Northern Red Sea Region of Eritrea.
Eritrea officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in Northeast Africa. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The east and northeast of the country have an extensive coastline on the Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands are part of Eritrea.
The new Ethiopian government conceded to Eritrea's demands to have an internationally (UN) supervised referendum dubbed UNOVER to be held in Eritrea, which ended in April 1993 with an overwhelming vote by Eritreans for independence. Independence was declared on May 24, 1993.
Eritrea is located in East Africa, more specifically in the Horn of Africa, and is bordered on the northeast and east by the Red Sea. The country is virtually bisected by one of the world's longest mountain ranges, the Great Rift Valley, with fertile lands to the west, descending to desert in the east. Eritrea, at the southern end of the Red Sea is the home of the fork, in the rift. The Dahlak Archipelago and its fishing grounds are situated off the sandy and arid coastline. The land to the south, in the highlands, is slightly drier and cooler.
The Afar Triangle or Danakil Depression of Eritrea is the probable location of a triple junction where three tectonic plates are pulling away from one another: the Arabian Plate, and the two parts of the African Plate (the Nubian and the Somali plate) splitting along the East African Rift Zone (USGS). The highest point of the country, Emba Soira, is located in the center of Eritrea, at 9,902 ft (3,018 metres ) above sea level.
The main cities of the country are the capital city of Asmara and the port town of Asseb in the southeast, as well as the towns of Massawa to the east, and Keren to the north.
The earliest evidence of agriculture, urban settlement and trade in Eritrea was found in the western region of the country consisting of archeological remains dating back to 3500 BC in sites called the Gash group. Based on the archaeological evidence, there seems to have been a connection between the peoples of the Gash group and the civilizations of the Nile Valley namely Ancient Egypt and Nubia. Ancient Egyptian sources also give references to cities and trading posts along the southwestern Red Sea coast, roughly corresponding to modern day Eritrea, calling this "the land of Punt," famed for its incense.
In
the highlands, in the capital city Asmara's suburbs, scores of ancient sites have
been documented, including Sembel, Mai Chiot, Ona Gudo, Mai Temenai, Weki Duba,
and Mai Hutsa. Mostly dating to the early and mid-1st millennium BCE (800 to 350
BCE), these communities consisted of small towns, villages, and hamlets built
of stone. People practiced a mixed economy of pastoralism and grain agriculture,
but little evidence for trade with the outside world has been found. The proximity
of these ancient communities to gold mines suggest that part of their prosperity
was linked to the mining and processing of gold. Around the mid-1st millennium,
several sites with Sabaean remains (inscriptions, artifacts, monuments, etc.)
seem to emerge in the central highlands, for example, at Keskese. There is evidence
at Keskese that older remains, similar to those around Asmara, are present. The
Sabaean remains, however, are not accompanied by evidence for residence of people
from that southern Arabian kingdom. It appears to archaeologists that these remains
represent the growth of local elites who appropriated powerful symbols from Saba
in their quest for legitimacy.
Between the eighth and fifth century BCE, a kingdom known as D'mt was supposedly established in what is today Eritrea and northern Ethiopia (Tigray). Many speculative theories try to explain the presence of Sabaean material culture by saying that this area had extensive relations with the Sabaeans in present day Yemen across the Red Sea, but these views are not sustained by archaeological evidence. After D'mt's decline around the fifth century BC, the state of Aksum arose in much of Eritrea and the northern Ethiopian Highlands. It grew during the fourth century BC and came into prominence during the first century AD, minting its own coins by the third century, and converting in the fourth century to Christianity, thereby becoming the second official Christian state (after Armenia), and the first country to feature the cross on its coins. According to Mani, it grew to be one of the four greatest civilizations in the world, on a par with China, Persia, and Rome. In the seventh century, with the advent of Islam across the Red Sea in Arabia and the Arab invasion and subsequent destruction of Adulis, Aksum's trade and power on the Red Sea began to decline and the empire gradually diminished and was overtaken by smaller rival kingdoms.
During the medieval period, contemporary with and following the gradual disintegration of the Aksumite state between the 9th and 10th centuries, several states as well as tribal and clan lands emerged in the area known today as Eritrea. Between the eighth and thirteenth century, northern and northwestern Eritrea had largely come under the domination of the Beja, a Cushitic people from northeastern Sudan. They formed five independent Islamic kingdoms known as: Naqis, Baqlin, Bazin, Jarin and Qata. The Beja brought Islam to large parts of Eritrea and connected the region to the greater Islamic world dominated by the Ummayad Caliphate, followed by the Abbasid (and Mamluk) and later the Ottoman Empire. The Ummayads had taken the Dahlak archipelago by 702. Christians of the Axumite era continued nonetheless to inhabit these areas and retain their religion. The southeastern parts of Eritrea, inhabited by the independent Afar since ancient times, came to form part of the Islamic sultanate of Adal in the early 13th century. Parts of the southwestern lowlands of Eritrea were under the dominion of the then Christian/animist Funj sultanate of Sinnar.
In the main highland area and adjacent coastline of what were previously Moslem (Beja) ruled areas, a Christian Kingdom called Midir Bahr or Midri Bahri (Tigrinya for land of the sea) arose, ruled by the Bahr negus or Bahr negash, ("ruler of the sea") in the 15th century. Barely a century later, an invading force of the Turkish Ottoman Empire, under Suleiman I, conquered Massawa in 1557 from the Christians, building what is now considered the old town of Massawa on Batsi island. They also conquered the towns of Hergigo, and Debarwa, the capital city of the contemporary Christian Bahr negus (ruler), Yeshaq. Suleiman's forces fought as far south as southeastern Tigray in Ethiopia before being repulsed. Yeshaq was able to retake much of what the Ottomans captured with Abyssinian assistance, but he later twice went to war against the emperor of Abyssinia with Ottoman support. By 1578, all wars had ended, leaving the Ottomans in control of the important ports of Massawa and Hergigo and their environs, and leaving the interior domains (province) which they had dubbed: Habesh, to Beja Na'ibs (deputies). The Ottomans maintained their dominion over the coastal areas for nearly 300 years, absorbing the coastal areas of the disintegrated Adal sultanate as vassals in the 16th century. The Funj sultanate of Sinnar converted to Islam in the 16th century but maintained independent control of the southwestern areas of Eritrea until being absorbed into the Ottoman Empire in the early 19th century.
The Eritrean region has traditionally been a nexus for trade throughout the world. Because of this, the influence of diverse cultures can be seen throughout Eritrea. Today, the most obvious influences in the capital, Asmara, are those of Italy. Throughout Asmara, there are small cafes serving beverages common to Italy. In Asmara, there is a clear merging of the Italian colonial influence with the traditional Tigrinya lifestyle. In the villages of Eritrea, these changes never took hold.
Asmara (English) is the capital city and largest settlement in Eritrea. Asmara was born out of a union of four villages that took place during the twelfth century. Originally, it is said, there were four clans living in the Asmara area on the Kebessa Plateau: Gheza Gurtom, Gheza Shelele, Gheza Serenser and Gheza Asmae. Encouraged by their women, the men united the four clans and defeated the bandits who preyed on the area. After the victory, a new name was given to the place, Arbaete Asmera which literally means, in the Tigrinya language, the four (female plural) united. Eventually Arbaete was dropped and it has been called Asmera, though there is still a zone called Arbaete Asmera.
Settlements in the country include or have included ;
Abacheri, Abaredda, Ad Casub, Adendema, Adi Ali Bakit, Anseba, Adi Keyh, Adi Quala, Adi Tekelezan, Afabet, Agordat, Algheden, Dghe, Algheden, Forto, Aligider, Anrata, Antalla, Arcugi, Aredda, Arkiko, ,A cont., Asmara, Assab, Attai, Badme, Barentu, Eritrea, Beilul, Bitama, Chibabo, Eritrea, Dairo Paulos, Debarwa, Dekemhare, Edd, Eritrea, Elabored, Elit, Filfil, Foro, Ghinda, Giamal Biscia, Gogne, Hambok, Haykota, Keren, Eritrea, Keru, Markaughe, Massawa, Mendefera, Mescul, Mogolo, Nakfa, Eritrea, Nefasit, Segheneyti, Senafe, Shambuko, Shebah, Tauda, Teseney, Tiyo, Tsorona-Zalambessa, Zula
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