Sherlock Holmes
Sherlock Holmes the Computer Game, based on the Hound Of The Baskervilles
Continued from Sherlock Holmes part 1
Bibliography
Novels
A
Study in Scarlet (serialized 1887)
The Sign of the Four (published 1890)
The
Hound of the Baskervilles (serialized 1901–1902 in The Strand; original illustrations
by Sidney Paget)
The Valley of Fear (serialized 1914–1915)
Short
stories
For more detail see List of Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes short stories.
The short stories were originally published in periodicals; they were later gathered into five anthologies:
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes Contains stories
published 1891–1892 in The Strand.
The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes Contains
stories published 1892–1893 in The Strand as further episodes of the Adventures.
The Return of Sherlock Holmes Contains stories published 1903–1904 in
The Strand.
His Last Bow Contains stories published 1908–1913 and 1917.
The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes Contains stories published 1921–1927.
Lists of favourite stories
There are two famous lists of favourite stories:
that of Conan Doyle himself, in The Strand in 1927, and that of the Baker Street
Journal in 1959.
Conan Doyle's list:
"The Adventure of the Speckled
Band"
"The Red-Headed League"
"The Adventure of the
Dancing Men"
"The Adventure of the Final Problem"
"A
Scandal in Bohemia"
"The Adventure of the Empty House"
"The
Five Orange Pips"
"The Adventure of the Second Stain"
"The
Adventure of the Devil's Foot"
"The Adventure of the Priory School"
"The Adventure of the Musgrave Ritual"
"The Adventure of
the Reigate Squire"
The Baker Street Journal's list:
"The
Adventure of the Speckled Band"
"The Red-Headed League"
"The
Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle"
"The Adventure of Silver Blaze"
"A Scandal in Bohemia"
"The Adventure of the Musgrave Ritual"
"The Adventure of the Bruce-Partington Plans"
"The Adventure
of the Six Napoleons"
"The Adventure of the Dancing Men"
"The
Adventure of the Empty House"
The Hiatus
Holmes fans refer to the
period from 1891 to 1894 — the time between Holmes' disappearance and presumed
death in "The Adventure of the Final Problem" and his reappearance in
"The Adventure of the Empty House" — as "the Great Hiatus".
It is notable, though, that one later story ("The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge")
is described as taking place in 1892.
Conan Doyle wrote the stories over the course of a decade. Wanting to devote more time to his historical novels, he killed off Holmes in "The Final Problem", which appeared in print in 1893. After resisting public pressure for eight years, the author wrote The Hound of the Baskervilles, which appeared in 1901, implicitly setting it before Holmes' "death" (some theorise that it actually took place after "The Return" but with Watson planting clues to an earlier date).[2][3] The public, while pleased with the story, was not satisfied with a posthumous Holmes, and so Conan Doyle resuscitated Holmes two years later. Many have speculated on his motives for bringing Holmes back to life, notably writer-director Nicholas Meyer, who wrote an essay on the subject in the 1970s, but the actual reasons are not known, other than the obvious: publishers offered to pay generously. For whatever reason, Conan Doyle continued to write Holmes stories for a quarter-century longer.
Some writers have come up with alternate explanations for the hiatus. In Meyer's novel, The Seven-Per-Cent Solution, the hiatus was explained as a secret sabbatical that Holmes indulged in for those years after his drug rehabilitation treatment with Sigmund Freud's help, while he light-heartedly suggested that Watson write a fictitious account claiming he had died: "They'll never believe you in any case." A recent novel, Sherlock Holmes and the Plague of Dracula, speculates that Holmes fell victim to the disease of vampirism and spent the Hiatus seeking a cure.
John Kendrick Bangs, creator of Bangsian fantasy, wrote a book in 1897 called Pursuit of the House-Boat (a sequel to his A House-Boat on the Styx, in which the souls of famous dead people start up a club in Hades). In it, the house-boat (which was hijacked at the end of A House-Boat on the Styx by Captain Kidd) is tracked down by the members of the club with the aid of none other than Sherlock Holmes — who is indeed dead.
In his memoirs, Conan Doyle quotes a reader, who judged the later stories inferior to the earlier ones, to the effect that when Holmes went over the Reichenbach Falls, he may not have been killed, but he was never quite the same man after.
The differences in the pre- and post-Hiatus Holmes have in fact created speculation among those who play "The Game" (making believe Sherlock Holmes was a historical person). Among the more interesting and plausible theories: the later Holmes was in fact an impostor (perhaps even Professor Moriarty), the later stories were fictions created to fill other writers' pockets (this is often used to deal with the stories which supposedly are written by Holmes himself), and Holmes and Professor Moriarty were in fact a variation of Robert Louis Stevenson's The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Among the more fanciful theories, the story The Case of the Detective's Smile by Mark Bourne, published in the anthology Sherlock Holmes in Orbit, posits that one of the places Holmes visited during his hiatus was Alice's Wonderland. While there, he solved the case of the stolen tarts, and his experiences there contributed to his kicking the cocaine addiction.
Sherlock Holmes in other media
Vasily Livanov was awarded the Order of the British Empire for his portrayal
of Sherlock Holmes in the Russian TV series.As Sherlock Holmes is such a popular
character, there have been many theatrical stage and cinematic adaptations of
Conan Doyle's work — much in the same way that Hamlet or Dracula are often
revised and adapted.
The Guinness World Records has consistently listed him as the "most portrayed movie character" with over 70 actors playing the part in over 200 films.
Non-canonical works related and derived
from Sherlock Holmes
In addition to the canonical Sherlock Holmes stories,
Conan Doyle's "The Lost Special" (1908) features an unnamed "amateur
reasoner" clearly intended to be identified as Holmes by his readers. His
explanation for a baffling disappearance, argued in Holmes' characteristic style,
turns out to be quite wrong — evidently Conan Doyle was not above poking
fun at his own hero. A short story by Conan Doyle using the same idea is "The
Man with the Watches". Another example of Conan Doyle's humour is "How
Watson Learned the Trick" (1924), a parody of the frequent Watson-Holmes
breakfast table scenes. A further parody by Conan Doyle is "The Field Bazaar".
He also wrote other material, especially plays, featuring Holmes. Many of these
writings are collected in the books Sherlock Holmes: the Published Apocrypha edited
by Jack Tracy, The Final Adventures of Sherlock Holmes edited by Peter Haining
and The Uncollected Sherlock Holmes compiled by Roger Lancelyn Green.
Sherlock Holmes' abilities as both a good fighter and as an excellent logician have been a boon to other authors who have lifted his name, or details of his exploits, for their plots. These range from Holmes as a cocaine addict, whose drug-fuelled fantasies lead him to cast an innocent Professor Moriarty as a supervillain (The Seven-Per-Cent Solution), to science-fiction plots involving him being re-animated after death to fight crime in the future (Sherlock Holmes in the 22nd Century). Challenged to create a comedy about Sherlock Holmes, filmmaker Gene Wilder wrote, directed and starred in The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother.
Some authors have supplied stories to fit the tantalising references in the canon to unpublished cases (e.g. "The giant rat of Sumatra, a story for which the world is not yet prepared" in "The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire"), notably The Exploits of Sherlock Holmes by Doyle's son Adrian Conan Doyle with John Dickson Carr; others have used different characters from the stories as their own detective, e.g. Mycroft Holmes in Enter the Lion by Michael P. Hodel and Sean M. Wright (1979) or Dr. James Mortimer (from The Hound of the Baskervilles) in books by Gerard Williams.
A common setting for uncanonical pieces pits Holmes
and Watson against the Nazis. Most notable were the films made during the Second
World War starring Basil Rathbone, but more recently The Curse of the Nibelung:
A Sherlock Holmes Mystery. Such pieces were in the spirit of Conan Doyle's patriotism,
and indeed the canonic "His Last Bow" describes Holmes and his connections
with British Intelligence on the eve of the First World War.
Jeremy Brett’s
performance as Holmes is considered definitive by many viewers.Jeremy Brett is
generally considered the definitive Holmes of recent times, having played the
role in four series created by John Hawkesworth for the BBC from 1984 though 1994
as well as depicting Holmes on stage. Brett's Dr. Watson were played by David
Burke and Edward Hardwicke in the television series, and Brett himself played
Watson opposite Charlton Heston's Holmes in a Los Angeles theatre production of
The Crucifer of Blood before making his name as the detective.
In 2006, best-selling author and military historian Caleb Carr (perhaps best known for The Alienist and The Angel of Darkness, both featuring Holmes-reminiscent protagonist Laszlo Kreizler) penned The Italian Secretary, a "continuing adventure of Sherlock Holmes." Dr. John Watson and Mycroft Holmes play significant parts in this story, and other follow-on/related works (including, but not limited to, a Holmes/Kreizler crossover) may be forthcoming.
It is also common for writers to pit Holmes against other well-known fictional characters originating from or set in the same era as Conan Doyle's stories — particularly those who now exist in the public domain, and so can be used freely without payment of royalties to the creator. In these crossovers, Holmes has frequently interacted with Dr. Fu Manchu (in Cay Van Ash's Ten Years Beyond Baker Street), Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (in Loren Eastman's Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Holmes) and Dracula (In Loren Eastman's Sherlock Holmes vs. Dracula or Stephen Seitz's "Sherlock Holmes and the Plague of Dracula"). He has also appeared as a significant (although often unseen) background presence in Alan Moore and Kevin O'Neill's comic book series The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, and also Planetary by Warren Ellis.
Other writers have Holmes meeting real people and participating in real events. In Nicholas Meyer's works, Holmes meets Sigmund Freud, Oscar Wilde, Gilbert and Sullivan, and Bram Stoker, among other Victorian celebrities. In Sherlock Holmes and the Red Demon, Minnesota journalist Larry Millett involves Holmes and Watson in the Great Hinckley Fire; their employer is railroad magnate James J. Hill, and they also meet Boston Corbett, the man who shot John Wilkes Booth. And on at least six occasions (Edward B. Hanna's novel The Whitechapel Horrors, Michael Didbin's novel The Last Sherlock Holmes Story, Philip J. Carraher's novel The Adventure of the New York Ripper [with Holmes using the alias Simon Hawkes], Barry Day's novel Sherlock Holmes and the Apocalypse Murders, and the movies A Study in Terror and Murder by Decree) Holmes gets involved in the Jack the Ripper case. In Caitlín R. Kiernan's "The Drowned Geologist," Holmes is placed in Whitby at the same time as the stranding of the Demeter, the ship which carried Dracula to England.
In recent years, Holmes has been featured in the Mary Russell series, by Laurie R. King. In the books Holmes is married to Mary Russell, a woman thirty-nine years his junior, and makes her his partner in detection. Carole Nelson Douglas also wrote an eight-novel detective series starring Irene Adler as a detective that also features Holmes.
Holmesian speculation
A popular pastime among
fans of Sherlock Holmes is to act as if Holmes and Watson were real people, and
to attempt to explain facts about them, either from clues in the stories or by
combining the stories with historical fact. Early scholars of the canon included
Ronald Knox in Britain and Christopher Morley in New York.
When a student at Oxford, Knox issued "Studies in the Literature of Sherlock Holmes", an essay which is regarded as the founding text of "Holmesian scholarship".
That essay was re-printed, among others, in 1928 and the following year, Sydney Roberts, then a professor at Cambridge University, issued a reply to Knox's arguments, in a booklet entitled A Note on the Watson Problem. S.C. Roberts issued then a complete Watson biography. A book by T.S. Blakeney followed and the Holmesian "game" was born.
In 1934 were founded the Sherlock Holmes Society, in London, and the Baker Street Irregulars, in New York. Both are still active to-day (though the Sherlock Holmes Society was dissolved in 1937 to be resuscitated only in 1951).
Dorothy Sayers, creator of the detective Lord Peter Wimsey, also wrote several essays on Holmesian speculation, later published in Unpopular Opinions, including an interesting discussion of Watson's middle name.
The 56 short stories and 4 novels written by Conan Doyle are termed "the canon" by the holmesians.
While Dorothy Sayers and many of the early "Holmesians" used the works of Conan Doyle as the chief basis for their speculations, a more fanciful school of playing the historical-Holmes game is represented by William S. Baring-Gould, author of Sherlock Holmes of Baker Street (1962), a personal "biography" of Holmes.
Since 1998, Leslie S. Klinger is currently editing The Sherlock Holmes Reference Library, (Gasogene Books, Indianapolis), which sums up the available holmesian "scholarship" alongside the original "canonical" texts.
The Holmes family
A particularly-rich area
of "research" is the "uncovering" of details about Holmes'
family history and early life, of which almost nothing is said in Conan Doyle's
stories. In "The Adventure of the Greek Interpreter", Watson states:
"I had never heard him refer to his relations, and hardly ever to his early
life." But in that story, as well as introducing his brother, Holmes mentions
the only facts about his family that are in any of the stories — "My
ancestors were country squires... my grandmother... was the sister of Vernet,
the French artist" (presumably Horace Vernet). Beyond this, all familial
statements are speculation. For example, there is a certain belief that his mother
was named Violet, based on Conan Doyle's fondness for the name and the four strong
Violets in the canon; however, as Baring-Gould noted, in Holmes' Britain, Violet
was a very common name.
It is clear from references to "the university" in "The Adventure of the Gloria Scott", "The Adventure of the Musgrave Ritual", and to some degree "The Adventure of the Three Students", that Holmes attended Oxford or Cambridge, although the question of which one remains a topic of eternal debate (Baring-Gould believed textual evidence indicated that Holmes attended both).
The most influential "biography" of Holmes is Sherlock Holmes of Baker Street by Baring-Gould. Faced with Holmes' reticence about his family background and early life, Baring-Gould invented one for him. According to Baring-Gould, Sherlock Holmes was born in Yorkshire, the youngest of three sons of Siger Holmes and Violet Sherrinford. The middle brother, Mycroft, appears in the canon, but the eldest, Sherrinford Holmes, was invented by Baring-Gould to free Mycroft and Sherlock from the obligation of following Siger as a country squire. (In reality, "Sherrinford Holmes" was one of the names Arthur Conan Doyle considered for his hero before settling on "Sherlock".) Siger Holmes' name is derived from "The Adventure of the Empty House", in which Sherlock spends some time pretending to be a Norwegian mountaineer called Sigerson. (This hardly qualifies as a clue about the name of Sherlock's father, but in the absence of any genuine clues it was the best Baring-Gould had to work with.)
Sherrinford had a significant role in the Doctor Who crossover novel All-Consuming Fire by Andy Lane, which also featured a cameo by Siger.
Some other versions of Holmes' parentage:
Nicholas Meyer's The Seven-Per-Cent
Solution reveals that his mother was cheating on his father, and so his father
killed both his mother and himself. It also stipulates that it was his maths professor,
Professor Moriarty, who brought the news of the tragedy to young Sherlock. This
not only explains his career choice, but also (in an appropriately Freudian manner)
his hatred of Professor Moriarty.
Ian Charnocks's Watson's Last Case names
his father as Sherlock Holmes, Sr.
Robert D'Artagnan's Sherlock Holmes's Last
Case names his father as Mark Moriarty and gives Sherlock's true name as Joseph
Moriarty, explaining that he was adopted at age four by Gregory C. Holmes and
his wife Lydia Mycroft Holmes. This would make him a younger brother of Professor
James Moriarty.
Michael Harrison's I, Sherlock Holmes names his father as
Captain Siger Holmes of the British East India Company.
Cass Lewis's Dead
Man's Confession names his father as Robert Holmes and his mother Carla "Violet"
Holmes.
Mona Morstein's The Childhood of Sherlock Holmes names his father
as David William Holmes and his mother Catherine Simone Lecomte-Vernet.
Fred
Saberhagen's The Holmes-Dracula File gives his true father as the lover of Mrs.
Holmes: The vampire Radu the Handsome, a younger brother of Vlad III Dracula,
who had succeeded him as a ruler of Wallachia. This would make Sherlock a nephew
of Dracula (against whom he was pitted in Loren D. Estleman's novel The Case of
the Sanguinary Count).
Christopher Leppek's The Surrogate Assassin named Sherlock's
father as a younger brother of Mary Ann Holmes, a historical figure better known
as the mother of John Wilkes Booth. This would make Sherlock a first cousin of
Booth.
The Holmes family and the Wold Newton family
Based originally
on the writings of Philip José Farmer, the concept of the Wold Newton family
is the construction of a giant genealogical tree which connects many fictional
characters to each other and to a number of historical figures. Additions to this
tree are based on the writings of the original creators, pastiche writers, and
"Wold Newton scholars." Sherlock Holmes has been one of the central
characters of this tree. The Holmes family and its various generations have been
the subject of many Wold Newton articles. Sherlock himself has been described
as born as William Sherlock Scott Holmes on January 6, 1854 to Siger Holmes and
his wife Violet Rutherford. He was one of eight siblings, including Mycroft, whose
descendants include many other characters. The detective has been given as the
father of at least eight children, including Nero Wolfe. Sherlock Holmes is also
thought by many to be an ancestor of Spock of Star Trek, through his mother, Amanda
Grayson (Captain Spock attributes a Holmesian aphorism to an ancestor of his in
Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country; since Holmes is a fictional character
with respect to the Star Trek universe, it's more likely that the reference means
that he is matrilineally related to Sir Arthur Conan Doyle). Holmes is revealed
to have a great grand-niece named Shirley Holmes in the television show of the
same name. But of course, Conan Doyle himself never called his creation any more
than "Sherlock Holmes" so everything else is pure speculation.
The
Societies
The two initial societies founded in 1934 were followed by many more
Holmesians circles, first of all in America (where they are called "scions"
societies of the Baker Street Irregulars), then in England and Denmark. Nowadays,
there are Holmesian societies in many countries like India and Japan being the
more prominent countries which have a history of such activity.
The
Museums
During the 1951 Festival of Britain, Sherlock Holmes' sitting-room
was reconstructed as the masterpiece of a Sherlock Holmes Exhibition, displaying
a unique collection of original material. After the 1951 exhibition closed, items
were transferred to the Sherlock Holmes Pub, in London, and to the Conan Doyle
Collection in Lucens (Switzerland). Both exhibitions, each including its own very
good Baker Street Sitting-Room reconstruction, are still to be seen today. In
1990 The Sherlock Holmes Museum was opened in Baker Street London and the following
year in Meiringen Switzerland another Museum was also opened, but naturally they
include less historical material about Conan Doyle than about Sherlock Holmes
himself. The Sherlock Holmes Museum at 221b Baker Street London was the first
Museum in the world to be dedicated to a fictional character.
Quotations
"My
name is Sherlock Holmes. It is my business to know what other people don't know."
("The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle")
"The air of London
is sweeter for my presence." ("The Final Problem")
"My
brain has always governed my heart." (The Sign of Four)
"Love is
an emotional thing, and whatever is emotional is opposed to that true cold reason
which I place above all things. I should never marry myself, lest I bias my judgment."
(The Sign of Four)
"A man always finds it hard to realize that he may
have finally lost a woman's love, however badly he may have treated her."
("The Musgrave Ritual")
"When a woman thinks that her house
is on fire, her instinct is at once to rush to the thing which she values most.
. . A married woman grabs at her baby — an unmarried one reaches for her
jewel box." ("A Scandal in Bohemia")
"There is nothing
more deceptive than an obvious fact." ("The Boscombe Valley Mystery")
"You can...never foretell what any one man will do, but you can say with
precision what an average number will be up to. Individuals vary, but percentages
remain constant." (The Sign of Four)
"Education never ends, Watson.
It is a series of lessons, with the greatest for the last." ("The Adventure
of the Red Circle")
"You see, but you do not observe" ("A
Scandal in Bohemia")
"When you have eliminated all which is impossible,
then whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth." ("The
Adventure of the Blanched Soldier")
also known as "...when you have
excluded the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth."
("The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet")
"I never make exceptions.
An exception disproves the rule." (The Sign of Four)
'"Is there
any other point to which you would wish to draw my attention?" "To the
curious incident of the dog in the night-time." "The dog did nothing
in the night-time." "That was the curious incident," remarked Sherlock
Holmes.' ("The Adventure of Silver Blaze")
"Come at once if
convenient — if inconvenient come all the same". ("The Adventure
of the Creeping Man")
'"I am inclined to think—" said
I. "I should do so," Sherlock Holmes remarked, impatiently.' (The Valley
of Fear)
"He is the Napoleon of crime!" (describing Professor Moriarty.)
("The Final Problem")
It is quite a three-pipe problem ("The
Red-Headed League")
It is a capital mistake to theorise before one has
data. ("A Scandal in Bohemia")
You know my methods. Apply them.
(The Sign of Four and other stories)
It is my belief, Watson, founded upon
my experience, that the lowest and vilest alleys of London do not present a more
dreadful record of sin than does the smiling and beautiful countryside ("The
Copper Beeches")
Role in the history of the detective story
A
popular misconception is that the Sherlock Holmes stories gave rise to the entire
genre of detective fiction. In fact, the Holmes character and his modus operandi
were inspired by two predecessors, C. Auguste Dupin and Monsieur Lecoq and their
technique for solving crime. Created by Edgar Allan Poe and Émile Gaboriau
respectively, they were both investigators to whom even Holmes himself alluded.
Many fictional sleuths have imitated Holmes' logical methods and followed in his
footsteps, in various ways.
Some of the more popular to continue Holmes' legacy include Agatha Christie's Hercule Poirot, Ellery Queen, Philip Marlowe, Sam Spade, Perry Mason, Frank Columbo, Dick Tracy, Gregory House, Gil Grissom, Horatio Caine, Mac Taylor, Adrian Monk, Jonathan Creek, Robert Goren, the children's book series Encyclopedia Brown, and even the comic book hero Batman. Teddy Valiant (Brother of Eddie Valiant in Who Framed Roger Rabbit) even sported Sherlocks' traditional tobacco pipe and magnifying glass among the paraphernalia on his untouched side of the desk.
The long running Japanese manga and anime Detective Conan (released as Case Closed in English due to copyright issues) was also heavily influenced by Sherlock Holmes, with the main character himself taking after Holmes' and giving himself a nickname based on Sir Arthur's middle name.
Other
pop culture references
The Doctor takes his cue from Holmes' dress sense
to blend in The Talons of Weng-ChiangWriters have produced many pop culture references
to Sherlock Holmes, Conan Doyle, or characters from the stories in homage, to
a greater or lesser degree. Such allusions can form a plot development, raise
the intellectual level of the piece or act as easter eggs for an observant audience.
Some have been overt, introducing Holmes as a character in a new setting, or a more subtle allusion, such as making a logical character live in an apartment at number 221b. Often the simplest reference is to dress anybody who does some kind of detective work in a deerstalker and cloak (as seen right). Another rich field of pop culture references is Holmes' ancestry and descendants (as discussed above) but really the only limit is the writer's imagination. A third major reference is the quote, "Elementary, my dear Watson."
On Law & Order: Criminal Intent The character of Detective Robert Goren is based on Sherlock Holmes. He notices tiny — yet important — details ignored by others, and has broad encyclopedic knowledge. Frequently, Goren obtains crucial information and then sustain that theory based on evidence. He also gets confessions by psychologically manipulating and provoking suspects, and suspects' associates. Also Goren's Nicole Wallace is a direct attempt to play on Holmes' antagonist Professor Moriarty. However, Goren displays more compassion and empathy than Holmes. Goren even displays sorrow regarding how Wallace's past damaged her, and destroyed "that sparkling little girl" she once was.
The main character in House M.D, Gregory House, is based on Sherlock Holmes, particularly with regard to drug use and his desire (and capacity) to solve the insolvable. House uses Holmesian deductive techniques to diagnose his patients' problems. References to the sleuth range from the obvious (House's apartment number being 221B) to the subtle (his friendship with Dr. James Wilson and the similarities between the names House and Holmes, and Wilson and Watson). In the very first (pilot) episode the patient's last name is Adler, and in the last episode of season two, the last name of the man who shot House is Moriarty.
The characters and basic structure of the TV series Monk were inspired by the Sherlock Holmes mysteries. The character name "Adrian Monk" was intended to be unusual like that of Sherlock Holmes. Other characters correspond to Holmes characters: Sharona Fleming (a nurse) and Dr. Watson; SFPD Captain Leland Stottlemeyer and Inspector Lestrade; and Monk's brother Ambrose Monk and Mycroft Holmes (Sherlock's brother).
Umberto Eco's novel The Name of the Rose contains
numerous subtle references to Sherlock Holmes. The narrator's name is Adso (Watson)
and the key character, William of Baskerville is deemed to be modeled after Holmes
himself, due to the choice of the name, almost identical physical features, the
habit of addressing his companion by "My dear Adso" and a storyline
which sets a strictly rational brain upon path of investigation of a seemingly
inexplicable chain of violent deaths
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