Odessa Hotels
Tourists often require short term accommodation in the city of Odessa. Some may want to see the culture, history, entertainment, sports and society of the city. Some tourists may want a hotel that has good views and good culture of the city. Some may want a hotel that has good access to attractions of the culture and society. Some may want a hotel that is large or small. Some may want a hotel that is luxury or cheap. Some may want a hotel that has good views and good entertainment parking facilities. Some may want a hotel as they want to see a sports match in the city.
Odessa or Odesa is the administrative center of the Odessa Oblast (province) located in southern Ukraine. The city is a major seaport located on the shore of the Black Sea and one of the largest cities in the Ukraine
odessa hotels
rom 1819–1858 Odessa was a free port. During the Soviet period it was the most important port of trade in the USSR. and a Soviet naval base. On January 1, 2000 the Quarantine Pier of Odessa trade sea port was declared a free port and free economic zone for a term of 25 years.
In the 19th century it was the fourth largest city of Imperial Russia, after Moscow, Saint Petersburg, and Warsaw. Its historical architecture has a flavor more Mediterranean than Russian, having been heavily influenced by French and Italian styles.
Odessa is a warm water port, but of limited military value. Turkey's control of the Dardanelles and Bosphorus has enabled NATO to control water traffic between Odessa and the Mediterranean Sea. The city of Odessa hosts two important ports: Odessa itself and Yuzhny (also an internationally important oil terminal), situated in the city's suburbs. Another important port, Illichivs'k (or Ilyichyovsk), is located in the same oblast, to the south-west of Odessa. Together they represent a major transportation junction integrated with railways. Odessa's oil- and chemical-processing facilities are connected to Russia's and EU's respective networks by strategic pipelines.
he site of Odessa was once occupied by an ancient Greek colony, Tyras. Archeological artifacts confirm links between the Odessa area and the eastern Mediterranean. In the Middle Ages the Odessa region was ruled in succession by the Kievan Rus, the Golden Horde, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman Empire. Yedisan Tatars traded there in the 14th century. In the course of Russo-Turkish wars these lands were acquired by Russia at the end of the 18th century.
The
city was founded by the Turks, Cremian Tatars in the 15th century AD, tribes of
the nomadic Nogays under the suzerainty of the Khanate of Crimea inhabited what
is now the Odessa region. During the reign of Khan Haci I Giray, the Khanate was
endangered by the Golden Horde and the Ottoman Turks and, in search of allies,
the khan agreed to cede the area to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The site of
present-day Odessa was then a town known as Khadjibey (also spelled as Khadjibei,
khacdjibei, Hac?bey, Hocabey or Gadzhibei;(Turkish) Lithuanian: Chadžibe.jus;
Crimean Tatar: Hac?bey) and was part of the Dykra region. However, most of the
area was uninhabited.
Odessa ?ircuit Court building and Church of the monastery
of St. Panteleimon (church consecrated in 1895; used as a planetarium from 1961–1991).
Khadjibey came under direct control of the Ottoman Turks Empire after 1529 and was part of a region known as Yedisan and was administered in the Ottoman Silistra (Özi) Province. In the mid-18th century, the Ottomans rebuilt a fortress at Khadjibey (Also was known Hocabey), which was named Yeni Dünya. Hocabey was a sanjak centre of Silistre Province.
During the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792, on 25 September 1789, a detachment of Russian forces under Ivan Gudovich took Khadjibey and Yeni Dünya for the Russian Empire. One part of the troops was under command of a Spaniard in Russian service, Major General José de Ribas (known in Russia as Osip Mikhailovich Deribas) and the main street in Odessa today, Deribasovskaya Street, is named after him. Russia formally gained possession of the area as a result of the Treaty of Jassy (Ias,i) in 1792 and it became a part of the so-called Novorossiya ("New Russia").
After
the Turks ,The city was again founded in 1794 as a Russian naval fortress on the
ruins of Khadjibey and renamed Odessa by January 1795, when its new name was first
mentioned in official correspondence. Neither the origin of the new name nor reasons
for renaming are known, though etymologies and anecdotes abound. According to
one of the stories, when someone suggested Odessos as a name for the new Russian
port, Catherine II said that all names in the South of the Empire were already
'masculine,' and didn't want yet another one, so she decided to change it to more
'feminine' Odessa. This anecdote is highly dubious, because there were at least
two cities (Eupatoria and Theodosia) whose names sound 'feminine' for a Russian;
besides, the Czarina was not a native Russian speaker, and finally, all cities
are feminine in Greek (as well as in Latin). Another legend derives the name 'Odessa'
from the word-play: in French (which was then the language spoken at the Russian
court), 'plenty of water' is assez d'eau; if said backwards, it sounds similar
to that of the Greek colony's name (and water-related pun makes perfect sense,
because Odessa, though situated next to the huge body of water, has limited fresh
water supply). Regardless, a link with the name of the ancient Greek colony persists,
so there might be some truth in the oral tradition.
The
new city quickly became a major success. Its early growth owed much to the work
of the Duc de Richelieu, who served as the city's governor between 1803–1814.
Having fled the French Revolution, he had served in Catherine's army against the
Turks. He is credited with designing the city and organizing its amenities and
infrastructure, and is considered one of the founding fathers of Odessa, together
with another Frenchman, Count Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron, who succeeded
him in office. Richelieu is commemorated by a bronze statue, unveiled in 1828
to a design by Ivan Martos.
Richelieu Street and the Opera Theater in the 1890s.
In 1819 the city was made a free port, a status it retained until 1859. It became home to an extremely diverse population of Ukrainians, Russians, Jews, Romanians, Greeks, Bulgarians, Albanians, Armenians, Italians, Frenchmen, Germans and traders representing many other nationalities (hence numerous 'ethnic' names on the city's map, e.g., Frantsuszkiy (French) and Italianskiy (Italian) Boulevards, Grecheskaya (Greek), Evreyskaya (Jewish), Arnautskaya (Albanian) Streets). Its cosmopolitan nature was documented by the great Russian poet Alexander Pushkin, who lived in internal exile in Odessa between 1823–1824. In his letters he wrote that Odessa was a city where "you can smell Europe. French is spoken and there are European papers and magazines to read". Odessa's growth was interrupted by the Crimean War of 1853–1856, during which it was bombarded by British and French naval forces. It soon recovered and the growth in trade made Odessa Russia's largest grain-exporting port. In 1866 the city was linked by rail with Kiev and Kharkiv as well as Ias,i, Romania.
The
city became the home of a large Jewish community during the 19th century, and
by 1897 Jews were estimated to comprise some 37% of the population. They were,
however, repeatedly subjected to severe persecution. Pogroms were carried out
in 1821, 1859, 1871, 1881, and 1905. Many Odessan Jews fled abroad, particularly
to Palestine after 1882, and the city became an important base of support for
Zionism.
In
1905 Odessa was the site of a workers' uprising supported by the crew of the Russian
battleship Potemkin (also see Battleship Potemkin uprising) and Lenin's Iskra.
Sergei Eisenstein's famous motion picture The Battleship Potemkin commemorated
the uprising and included a scene where hundreds of Odessan citizens were murdered
on the great stone staircase (now popularly known as the "Potemkin Steps"),
in one of the most famous scenes in motion picture history. At the top of the
steps, which lead down to the port, stands a statue of the Duc de Richelieu. The
actual massacre took place in streets nearby, not on the steps themselves, but
the movie caused many to visit Odessa to see the site of the "slaughter".
The "Odessa Steps" continue to be a tourist attraction in Odessa. The
film was made at Odessa's Cinema Factory, one of the oldest cinema studios in
the former Soviet Union.
Bolshevik forces enter Odessa. February, 1920.
Following
the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917 during World War I, Odessa was occupied by several
groups, including the Ukrainian Tsentral'na Rada, the French Army, the Red Army
and the White Army. Finally, in 1920, the Red Army took control of Odessa and
united it with the Ukrainian SSR, which later became part of the USSR.
The people of Odessa suffered from a famine that occurred in 1921–1922 as a result of the Civil war. During World War II Odessa was occupied by Romanian and German forces from 1941–1944. The city suffered severe damage and many casualties.
The primary language spoken is Russian, with Ukrainian being less common despite its being an official language in Ukraine. The city is a mix of many nationalities and ethnic groups, including Ukrainians, Russians, Greeks, Jews, Moldovans, Bulgarians, Armenians, Georgians, Germans, Koreans, and many others.
Attractions in Odessa, Ukraine include or have included ; Arcadia, Beach, Vorontsov's, Palace, Botanical, Gardens, Catacombs, , Odessa, City, Hall, Deribasovskaya, Street, Film, Studio, Londonskaya, Hotel, Krasnaya, Hotel, Katherine, the, Great, statue, Opera, Theater, Odessa, Passage, Pushkin, Museum, Sea, Port, Odessa, Station, Odessa, University, Park, Pobedy, Philharmonic, theater, Potemkin, Stairs, Primorsky, Boulevard, Privoz, Market, , Seventh-Kilometer, Market, Shevchenko, Park, Tsentralnyi-Chornomorets, Stadium, Vorontsov, Lighthouse
A list of world known scientists lived and worked in Odessa. Among them: Ilya Mechnikov (Nobel Prize in Medicine 1908), Igor Tamm (Nobel Prize in Physics 1958), Selman Waksman (Nobel Prize in Medicine 1952), Dmitri Mendeleev, Nikolay Pirogov, Ivan Sechenov, George Gamow, Nikolay Umov, Leonid Mandelstam, Aleksandr Lyapunov, Mark Krein, Alexander Smakula, Waldemar Haffkine, Valentin Glushko, etc.
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