Picnics some facts
In contemporary usage,
picnic can be defined simply as a pleasure excursion at which a meal is eaten
outdoors, ideally, taking place in a beautiful landscape. Picnics are often family-oriented
but can also be an intimate occasion between two people, a romantic picnic, or
a large get together, company picnics & church picnics.
On romantic & family picnics a picnic basket & a blanket are usually brought along. Outdoor games or some other form of entertainment are common at large picnics.
Formerly, picnic meant a potluck, an entertainment at which each person contributed some dish to a common table for all to share. The first usage of the word was traced to a 16th century French text, describing a group of people dining in a restaurant who brought their own wine. The word picnic is based on the verb piquer which means 'pick' or 'peck' with the rhyming nique meaning "thing of little importance".
The 1692 edition of Origines de la Langue Françoise de Ménage, which mentions 'pique-nique' as being of recent origin, marks the first appearance of the word in print. The word picnic first appeared in English texts in the mid-1700s, & may have entered the English language from this French word or from the German Picknick.
Language
In British & American English, the
phrase "no picnic" is used to describe a difficult or trying situation
or activity. For example, "Driving in rush hour traffic is no picnic."
In the late 1990s an e-mail hoax spread around the internet claiming that
the word "picnic" was actually derived from racist term for a lynching.
This claim had no basis in fact. See: Snopes.com urban legends reference page
In established parks, a picnic area generally includes picnic tables &
possibly other items related to eating outdoors, such as built-in grills, water
faucets, garbage containers, & restrooms.
Related historical events
After
the French Revolution in 1789, royal parks became open to the public for the first
time. Picnicking in the parks became a popular activity amongst the newly enfranchised
citizens.
Early in the 19th century, a fashionable group of Londoners formed the 'Picnic Society'. Members met in the Pantheon on Oxford Street. Each member was expected to provide a share of the entertainment & of the refreshments with no one particular host. Interest in the society waned in the 1850s as the founders died.
The image of picnics as a peaceful social activity can be utilised for political protest too. In this context, a picnic functions as a temporary occupation of significant public territory. A famous example of this is the Paneuropean Picnic held on both sides of the Hungarian / Austrian border on the 19 August 1989 as part of the struggle towards German reunification.
In the year 2000, a 600-mile-long picnic took place from coast to coast in France to celebrate the first Bastille Day of the new Millennium. In the United States, likewise, the 4th of July celebration of American independence is a popular day for a picnic. In Italy the favourite picnic day is 'Angel's Monday', also known as Pasquetta (= 'little easter'), the day after Easter.
Le déjeuner sur l'herbe
(Manet, 1862)
Picnics in the fine arts
Perhaps the most famous depiction
of a picnic is Le déjeuner sur l'herbe, painted by Edouard Manet in 1862.
In
literature
From Charles Dickens' The Mystery of Edwin Drood: "...Miss
Twinkleton (in her amateur state of existence) has contributed herself & a
veal pie to a picnic." (Project Gutenberg Entry: )
In Jane Austen's novel
Emma at the Box Hill picnic which turned out to be a sore disappointment, Frank
Churchill said to Emma: "Our companions are excessively stupid. What shall
we do to rouse them? Any nonsense will serve..." (Project Gutenberg Entry:
)
In Fernando Arrabal's Picnic in the Field the young & inexperienced
soldier Zepo is visited unexpectedly by his devoted parents. Despite the war setting
they have a cheerful picnic together.
The utopian novel Roadside Picnic by
Boris & Arkady Strugatsky, which was written in 1972, was the source for the
film Stalker (1979) by Andrei Tarkovsky. The novel is about a mysterious "zone"
filled with strange & often deadly extraterrestrial artifacts, which are theorized
by some scientists to be the refuse from an alien "picnic" on Earth.
In film
The film Picnic was a multiple Oscar winner from 1955.
With
Picnic at Hanging Rock (1975), Peter Weir constructs a film of haunting mystery.
Three girls & one of their teachers on a school outing mysteriously disappear.
The only one that is later found remembers almost nothing.
Baji on the Beach,
Gurinder Chada (1993). The German version of the film is titled Picknick on the
Beach. Nine Indian women of various ages flee away from their everyday life into
a joint excursion to the English resort town of Blackpool. A rather unharmonious
journey because conflicts between generations raise emotions to a fever pitch.
Blissfully Yours, a film with a picnic in a jungle.
Picnickers are used
to illustrate the scale of one metre in the film Powers of Ten.
In music
In
1906 the British composer John William Bratton wrote a musical piece originally
titled "The Teddy Bear Two Step". It became popular in an 1908 instrumental
version renamed "Teddy Bears Picnic", performed by the Arthur Pryor
Band. The song regained prominence in 1932 when the Irish lyricist Jimmy Kennedy
added words & it was recorded by the then popular Henry Hall (and his BBC
Dance Orchestra) featuring Val Rosing (Gilbert Russell) as lead vocalist, which
went on to sell a million copies. Teddy Bear Picnic resurfaced again in the late
1940s & early 1950s when it was used as the theme song for the Big Jon &
Sparkie children's radio show. This perennial favorite has appeared on many children's
recordings ever since, as well as the theme song for the AHL's Hershey Bears hockey
club. lyrics & audio from the BBC
"Stone Soul Picnic", by Laura
Nyro (released in 1968) It was a major hit for the group Fifth Dimension. cover
version by Swing Out Sister
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