Planet Women's Volleyball. The Rules of Volleyball - Written December 2006, trophy almanac, and history of volleyball
The First Page of Planet Women's Volleyball Loads of links to great pictures, and biographies, and articles. The strategies of Women's Volleyball in 2006
Volleyball is an Olympic sport in which two teams separated by a high net use their hands, arms, or (rarely) other parts of their bodies to hit a ball back and forth over the net. Each team is allowed three hits to get the ball over the net to the other team. A point is scored if the ball hits the ground in the opponents' court, if the opponents commit a fault, or if they fail to return the ball properly. A Biography of 5 foot 11 Annett Davis
Volleyball can be a very active sport that can be an excellent source for aerobic exercise. It also helps players improve their hand-eye coordination and the ability to override the instinctive desire to dodge a fast-moving object such as a ball. A Biography of Elena Godina
On February 9, 1895, in Holyoke, Massachusetts, William G. Morgan, a YMCA physical education director, created a new game called Mintonette as a pastime to be played preferably indoors and by any number of players. The game took some of its characteristics from tennis and handball. Another indoor sport, basketball, was catching on in the area, having been invented just ten miles (sixteen kilometres) away in the city of Springfield, Massachusetts only four years before. Mintonette (as volleyball was then known) was designed to be an indoor sport less rough than basketball for older members of the YMCA, while still requiring a bit of athletic effort.A Biography of 187 CM Tall Japanese Volleyball star Kana Oyama
The first
rules, written down by William G. Morgan, called for a net 6 feet 6 inches (1.98
metres) high; a 25 × 50 foot (7.6 × 15.2 metre) court; and any number
of players. A match was composed of 9 innings with 3 serves for each team in each
inning; and no limit to the number of ball contacts for each team before sending
the ball to the opponents’ court. In case of a serving error, a second try
was allowed while a ball hitting the net was to be considered a foul (with loss
of the point or a side-out) — except in the case of the first-try serve.
To protect the fingers of the ladies, they were allowed to catch the ball and
then throw it back into play.
An
international federation, the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball
(FIVB), was founded in 1947, and the first World Championships were held in 1949
for men and 1952 for women. Volleyball was added to the program of the Olympic
Games in 1964, and has been part ever since. Beach volleyball became a FIVB-endorsed
variation in 1986 and was added to the Olympic program at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
The
game is played on volleyball courts 18 metres long and 9 metres wide, divided
into two 9 x 9 metre courts by a one-metre wide net placed so that the top of
the net is 2.43 metres above the centre of the court for men's competition, and
2.24 metres for women's competition (these heights are varied for veterans and
junior competitions). There is a line 3 metres from and parallel to the net in
each team court which is considered the "attack line". This "3
metre" line divides the court into "back row" and "front row"
areas. These are in turn divided into 3 areas each: these are numbered as follows,
starting from area "1", which is the position of the serving player:
A Biography of Tayyiba Haneef
After a team gains the serve (also known as siding out), its members must rotate in a clockwise direction, with the player previously in area "2" moving to area "1" and so on, with the player from area "1" moving to area "6" (see also the Errors and Faults section).
The team
courts are surrounded by an area called the free zone which is a minimum of 3
metres wide and which the players may enter and play within after the service
of the ball. All lines denoting the boundaries of the team court and the attack
zone are drawn or painted within the dimensions of the area and are therefore
a part of the court or zone. If a ball comes in contact with the line, the ball
is considered to be "in". An antenna is placed on each side of the net
perpendicular to the sideline and is a vertical extension of the side boundary
of the court. A ball passing over the net must pass completely between the antennae
(or their theoretical extensions to the ceiling) without contacting them. A
Biography Ekaterina Gamova
The volleyball is made of leather or synthetic leather and inflated with compressed air. It is round and 65-67 cm in circumference.
Each team consists of six players, three located in front of the attack line and three behind.A Biography of 6 foot 5 Mexican Volleyball star, Bibiana Candelas
To get play started, a team is chosen to serve by coin toss. A player from the serving team (the server) throws the ball into the air and attempts to hit the ball so it passes over the net on a course such that it will land in the opposing team's court (the serve). The opposing team must use a combination of no more than three contacts with the volleyball to return the ball to the opponent's side of the net. These contacts usually consist first of the bump or pass so that the ball's trajectory is aimed towards the player designated as the setter; second of the set (an over-hand pass using wrists to push finger-tips at the ball) by the setter so that the ball's trajectory is aimed towards one or more players designated as the attacker and third by the attacker who spikes (jumping, raising one arm above the head and hitting the ball so it will move quickly down to the ground on the opponent's court) to return the ball over the net. The team with possession of the ball that is trying to attack the ball as described is said to be on offense. A Biography of 6 foot 3 Kerri Walsh
The team on defense attempts to prevent the attacker from directing the ball into their court by having players at the net jump and reach above the top (and if possible, across the plane) of the net in order to block the attacked ball. If the ball is hit around, above, or through the block, the defensive players arranged in the rest of the court attempt to control the ball with a dig (a fore-arm pass of a hard-driven ball). After a successful dig, the team transitions to offense.
The game continues in this manner until the ball touches the court within the boundaries or until an error is made.
The ball lands out of the court, in the same
court as the team that touched it last, under the net to the opposing team's court,
or the ball touches the net "antennas". The ball also may not pass over
or outside the antennas even if it lands in the opponents' court1.
The ball
is touched more than three times before being returned to the other team's court2.
A Biography of 6 foot 5 Chinese
Volleyball International Zhao Ruirui
The same player touches the ball twice
in succession.
A player "lifts" or "carries" the ball
(the ball remains in contact with the player's body for too long).
A player
touches the net with any part of his or her body or clothing while making a play
on the ball (with the exception of the hair).
The players of one team do not
manage to touch the ball before the ball lands in their half of the court.
A
back-row player spikes the ball while it is completely above the top of the net,
unless he or she jumped from behind the attack line (the player is however allowed
to land in front of the attack line). A
Biographical style article of 6 foot 5 inches tall Dominican Republic Volleyball
star Annerys Vargas
A back-row player attempts to block an opposing team's
attack by reaching above the top of the net.
The libero, a defensive specialist
who can only play in the back row, makes an "attacking hit", defined
as any shot struck while the ball is entirely above the top of the net. A
Biography of Angelina Gruen
A player completes an attack hit from higher
than the top of the net when the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass (set)
by a libero in the front zone.
A player is not in the correct position at
the moment of serve, or serves out of turn. This type of foul is related to the
position currently occupied by the players (see the table in the Equipment section).
When ball is served, players can place themselves freely on the field (e.g. a
"back-row" player can be close to the net) so long as they obey the
following rules: The area "1" player must be behind the area "2"
player and to the right of the area "6" player. The area "6"
player must be behind area "3" player, to the left of area "1"
player and to the right of area "5". The area "5" player must
be behind the area "4" player and to the left of the area "6"
player. Symmetric rules must be respected by the front-row players (those in areas
"2", "3" and "4").
When hitting, a player makes
contact with the ball in the space above the opponent's court (in blocking an
attack hit, this is allowed).
A player touches the opponent's court with any
part of his or her body except the feet or hands4.
When serving, a player
steps on the court or the end line before making contact with the ball.
A
player takes more than 8 seconds to serve. A
Biography of Malgorzata Glinka, a professional volleyball player
At
the moment of serve, one or more players jump, raise their arms or stand together
at the net in an attempt to block the sight of the ball from the opponent (screening)5.
A Biography of the Italian
volleyball star Elisa Togut
Notes: 1 If the ball passes outside the antennas
on the first contact for the team, e.g. as the result of a bad pass or dig, a
player is allowed to go after the ball as long as he or she does not touch the
opponent's court and the ball travels back to his or her team's court also outside
the antennas.
2 Except if a player blocks (touches a ball sent over the net by the opposing team, while reaching above the top of the net) a ball that stays in the blocker's side of the net. In such an instance the blocker may play the ball another time without violating the rule against playing the ball twice in succession. If the ball is touched during a block, that contact is not considered one of the team's three contacts. A brilliant fantsay story I have written, where you have to make choices, about how to escape, from giantesses, 8 foot tall, and if you make the wrong or right move you can become a slave, be lifted, or escape, and become rich,
3 At the first hit of the team, the ball may contact various parts of the body consecutively provided that the contacts occur during one action. Also, when a player touches the ball on a block, he or she may make another play on the ball.
4 Penetration under the net with hands or feet is allowed only if a portion of the penetrating hands or feet remains in contact with or directly above the player's court or centre line.
5 Screening is only a fault if the players stand directly next to each other in a way that clearly impedes vision, and the serve is a low line drive over their heads. (This is a judgment call by the referee. Teams are generally given a warning before being sanctioned for screening.)
When the ball contacts the floor within the court boundaries or an error is made, the team that did not make the error is awarded a point, whether they served the ball or not. The team that won the point is awarded the right to serve for the next point. If the team that won the point served in the previous point, the same player serves again. If the team that won the point did not serve the previous point, the players of the team rotate their position on the court in a clockwise manner. The game continues, with the first team to score 25 points (and be two points ahead) awarded the set. Matches are best-of-five sets and the fifth set (if necessary) is usually played to 15 points. (Scoring differs between leagues, tournaments, and levels; high schools sometimes play best-of-three to 30; in the NCAA games are played best-of-five to 30.) Site on Women's tennis, athletic amazons,
Before 1999, points could
be scored only when a team had the serve (side-out scoring) and all sets went
up to only 15 points. The FIVB changed the rules in 1999 (with the changes being
compulsory in 2000) to use the current scoring system (formerly known as rally
point system), primarily to make the length of the match more predictable and
to make the game more spectator- and television-friendly.
In 1998 the libero
player was introduced internationally, the term meaning free in Italian; the NCAA
introduced the libero in 2002. The libero is a player specialized in defensive
skills: the libero must wear a contrasting jersey color from his or her teammates
and cannot block or attack the ball when it is entirely above net height. When
the ball is not in play, the libero can replace any back-row player, without prior
notice to the officials. This replacement does not count against the substitution
limit each team is allowed per set, although the libero may be replaced only by
the player whom they replaced.
The libero may function as a setter only under certain restrictions. If she/he makes an overhand set, she/he must be standing behind (and not stepping on) the 3-metre line; otherwise, the ball cannot be attacked above the net in front of the 3-metre line. An underhand pass is allowed from any part of the court.
Furthermore, a libero is not allowed to serve, according
to international rules, with the exception of the NCAA women's volleyball games,
where a 2004 rule change allows the libero to serve, but only in a specific rotation.
That is, the libero can only serve for one person, not for all of the people for
whom she goes in.
Other rule changes enacted in 2000 include the introduction
of the let serve which allows play to continue even if a served ball touches the
net as long as it continues into the opponents' court. Also, the service area
was expanded to allow players to serve from anywhere behind the end line but still
within the theoretical extension of the sidelines. Other changes were made to
lighten up calls on faults for carries and double-touches, such as allowing multiple
contacts by a single player ("double-hits") on a team's first contact.
From 2006 there are plans for trying new rule changes, such as having a second
serve option when failing the first (as in tennis) or a second alternative libero
in the team. Competitive teams are supposed to master six basic skills: serve,
(Serving like in tennis) pass, (Proper handling includes not only preventing the
ball from touching the court, but also making it reach the position where the
setter is standing quickly and precisely.) set, (The set is usually the second
contact that a team makes with the ball. The main goal of setting is to put the
ball in the air in such a way that it can be driven by an attack into the opponent's
court. The setter coordinates the offensive movements of a team, and is the player
who ultimately decides which player will actually attack the ball)
attack (The attack (or spike, the slang term) is usually the third contact a team makes with the ball. The object of attacking is to handle the ball so that it lands on the opponent's court and cannot be defended. block (A block that is aimed at completely stopping an attack, thus making the ball remain in the opponent's court, is called offensive) and dig (Digging is the ability to prevent the ball from touching one's court after a spike, particularly a ball that is nearly touching the ground.
Beach volleyball has evolved from the popular social sport of volleyball which is played on many beaches around the world. However this version, rather than being played on indoor hard courts, is played on sand courts, which are either formed naturally or built specifically for the purpose. Many players, either by choice or by requirement of the rules, play the game barefoot. Instead of a team of six, each team consists of only two players, but otherwise the rules are almost identical with some exceptions including: My list of heights of very many famous supermodel heights
Beach volleyball started in Santa Monica, California in the 1920s. A decade later, beach volleyball began to appear in Europe. By the 1940s, two-man doubles tournaments were being played on the beaches of Santa Monica for trophies. In the 1960s, an attempt to start a professional volleyball league was made in Santa Monica. It failed, but a professional tournament was held in France for 30,000 French Francs. In the 1970s, a few professional tournaments in Santa Monica were sponsored by beer and cigarette companies. Women's basketball, a site on Women's basketball, B Ball links
While the history of beach volleyball is relatively lengthy, the sport (at the professional level) remained fairly obscure until the late 1990s and 2000s when beach volleyball experienced a great surge in popularity thanks to greater media exposure and the development of bonafide stars such as Kerri Walsh and Misty May, who are now well known throughout the world.Women's netball, InterNet Netball
Each half of the court measures 8 by
8 meters, not 9 by 9 as in indoor volleyball
Overhand finger passes are called
very tightly when receiving or attacking. Unless executed very cleanly and square
to the shoulders, they are ruled illegal. The exception is receiving a hard smash.
Women's
athletes, & boxing etc
The standard for double hits when using
overhand finger passes and hand sets is much stricter than in indoor volleyball.
The block always counts as the first contact A
Biography of 6 foot 2 Katarzyna Skowronska
The disallowance
of the open-hand dink play where a player uses his or her finger tips to redirect
the ball into the opponent's court.
It is legal to cross under the net as
long as doing so does not interfere with the opponents' attempt to play the ball.
A Biography of Natalia Safronova, with a list of the winners of all Soviet Women's Volleyball Titles
Women's Indoor Volleyball Olympic Tournament
A Biography of Dutch Volleyball International, 6 foot tall Blonde, Kim Staelens
Games
Gold Silver Bronze
1964 Tokyo Japan Soviet Union Poland
1968 Mexico City
Soviet Union Japan Poland
1972 Munich Soviet Union Japan North Korea
1976
Montreal Japan Soviet Union South Korea
1980 Moscow Soviet Union East Germany
Bulgaria
1984 Los Angeles China United States Japan
1988 Seoul Soviet
Union Peru China
1992 Barcelona Cuba Unified Team United States
1996 Atlanta
Cuba China Brazil
2000 Sydney Cuba Russia Brazil
2004 Athens China Russia
Cuba
Women's Beach Volleyball Olympic Tournament
Games Gold Silver Bronze
1996 Atlanta Jacqueline Silva Cruz
and Sandra Pires Tavares (BRA) Monica
Rodrigues
and Adriana Samuel Ramos (BRA) Natalie Cook
and Kerri Pottharst
(AUS)
2000 Sydney Natalie Cook
and Kerri Pottharst (AUS) Adriana Behar
and
Shelda Bede (BRA) Adriana Samuel Ramos A
story about a 7 foot 6 giantess who takes over a valley
and Sandra Pires
Tavares (BRA) A Biography
of 6 foot tall Australian Beach Volleyball player Kerri Pottharst
2004
Athens Kerri Walsh
and
Misty May (USA) Shelda Bede
and
Adriana Behar (BRA) Holly McPeak
and Elaine Youngs (USA 3
exampluar pictures of what Volleyball is, this one is a Spanish Volleyball team,
taking during a match the other This
one is a stadium, before a volleyball match, with the crowd yet to arrive
and this one Some
fit women in a organised volleyball match
Women's Volleyball World Championship
Year Host Gold Silver Bronze
1952 Soviet Union U.S.S.R. Poland Czechoslovakia
1956 France U.S.S.R. Romania Poland
1960 Brazil U.S.S.R. Japan Czechoslovakia
1962 Soviet Union Japan U.S.S.R. Poland
1967 Japan Japan U.S.S.R South
Korea
1970 Bulgaria U.S.S.R. Japan North Korea
1974 Mexico Japan U.S.S.R
South Korea
1978 Soviet Union Cuba Japan U.S.S.R
1982 Peru China Peru
U.S.A.
1986 Czechoslovakia China Cuba Peru
1990 China U.S.S.R. China U.S.A.
1994 Brazil Cuba Brazil Russia
1998 Japan Cuba China Russia
2002 Germany
Italy U.S.A. Russia
2006
Details Japan Russia Brazil Serbia and Montenegro
2010
Details Japan
Medals per nation – Women in World Championships
Nation
Gold Silver Bronze Total
U.S.S.R. 5 3 1 9
Japan 3 3 0 6
Cuba 3 1 0
4
China 2 2 0 4
Russia 1 0 3 4
Italy 1 0 0 1 A
Biography of Francesca Piccinini
Brazil 0 2 0 2
Poland 0 1 2 3
U.S.A.
0 1 2 3 A Biography of Tom Logan
Peru
0 1 1 2
Romania 0 1 0 1
Czechoslovakia 0 0 2 2
South Korea 0 0 2 2
North Korea 0 0 1 1
Serbia and Montenegro 0 0 1 1
Other Tournaments
Women's Volleyball include the World Cup, often held in Japan, it is qualification
for the Olympics, Here is 't's medal summary to December 2006.
Nation Gold
Silver Bronze Total
Cuba 4 2 0 6
China 3 1 2 6
Japan 1 2 0 3
U.S.S.R.
1 1 3 5
Brazil 0 2 1 3
Russia 0 1 0 1 A
page for fans of Renae Maycock, with a picture, and some facts on this 188 cm
tall Australian Beach Volleyball Player
South Korea 0 0 2 2
U.S.A.
0 0 1 1 A Biography of
women's beach volleyball player Gabrielle Reece
And the Women's Grand Prix, first held in 1993
The winners have been Cuba 2 1993, 2000
Brazil
6 1994, 1996, 1998, 2004, 2005, 2006
U.S.A. 2 1995, 2001
Russia 3 1997,
1999, 2002
China 1 2003 A
Biography of the Italian Volleyball Player Maurizia Cacciatori
The
biggest Women's Volleyball Leagues, are the Italian, Russian, Japanese, Chinese,
Brazilian, and German. Plus the USA college system. With the Polish just as their
are some good Polish Volleyball players. The Cuban League must be good too.
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